Graphene and graphene-based nanomaterials: the promising materials for bright future of electroanalytical chemistry

Similar to its popular older cousins of fullerene and carbon nanotubes (CNTs), the latest form of nanocarbon, graphene, is inspiring intensive research efforts in its own right. As an atomically thin layer of sp(2)-hybridized carbon, graphene possesses spectacular electronic, optical, magnetic, thermal and mechanical properties, which make it an exciting material in a variety of important applications. In this review, we present the current advances in the field of graphene electroanalytical chemistry, including the modern methods of graphene production, and graphene functionalization. Electrochemical (bio) sensing developments using graphene and graphene-based materials are summarized in more detail, and we also speculate on their future and discuss potential progress for their applications in electroanalytical chemistry.