Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Cellular Injury II: Classification01:21

Cellular Injury II: Classification

Cellular injury is any process that disrupts a cell’s ability to maintain homeostasis, leading to structural or functional changes. It is broadly classified based on etiology (cause) and mechanism of damage.Classification by EtiologyCellular injury may result from several causes. Hypoxic injury happens due to reduced oxygen delivery, most commonly from inadequate blood supply, such as arterial obstruction; for example, coronary artery thrombosis can cause myocardial infarction. Chemical injury...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Anti-heparanase shields against endothelial dysfunction in a rat model of warm pulmonary ischemia-reperfusion.

Respiratory research·2026
Same author

Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin Drives Cardiac Remodeling in Rats With Chronic Kidney Disease.

Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)·2026
Same author

Inactivation of the Phosphatase Activity of Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Modulates SIRT3 and Attenuates Experimental Pulmonary Hypertension.

Comprehensive Physiology·2026
Same author

The direct anterior approach in total hip arthroplasty may be associated with lower short-term mortality compared to various other approaches: a Dutch arthroplasty register study comprising 379,108 procedures.

Hip international : the journal of clinical and experimental research on hip pathology and therapy·2025
Same author

Post-Ex Vivo Lung Perfusion Hypothermic Storage Limits Inflammation and Endothelial Dysfunction.

Journal of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia·2025
Same author

Correction: Karoui et al. Nitrogen Dioxide Inhalation Exposures Induce Cardiac Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species Production, Impair Mitochondrial Function and Promote Coronary Endothelial Dysfunction. <i>Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health</i> 2020, <i>17</i>, 5526.

International journal of environmental research and public health·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 28, 2026

Evaluating Postural Control and Lower-extremity Muscle Activation in Individuals with Chronic Ankle Instability
07:52

Evaluating Postural Control and Lower-extremity Muscle Activation in Individuals with Chronic Ankle Instability

Published on: September 18, 2020

The ICI classification for calcaneal injuries: a validation study.

Herman Frima1, Rienk Eshuis, Paul Mulder

  • 1Department of Surgery, Amphia Hospital, P.O. Box 90158, 4800 RK Breda, The Netherlands. hfrima@gmail.com

Injury
|October 7, 2011
PubMed
Summary

The Integral Classification of Injuries (ICI) for calcaneal injuries showed poor reliability among surgeons, indicating it may not be practical for clinical or research use.

More Related Videos

A Contusive Model of Unilateral Cervical Spinal Cord Injury Using the Infinite Horizon Impactor
07:28

A Contusive Model of Unilateral Cervical Spinal Cord Injury Using the Infinite Horizon Impactor

Published on: July 24, 2012

Assessment of Bone Fracture Healing Using Micro-Computed Tomography
12:04

Assessment of Bone Fracture Healing Using Micro-Computed Tomography

Published on: December 9, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 28, 2026

Evaluating Postural Control and Lower-extremity Muscle Activation in Individuals with Chronic Ankle Instability
07:52

Evaluating Postural Control and Lower-extremity Muscle Activation in Individuals with Chronic Ankle Instability

Published on: September 18, 2020

A Contusive Model of Unilateral Cervical Spinal Cord Injury Using the Infinite Horizon Impactor
07:28

A Contusive Model of Unilateral Cervical Spinal Cord Injury Using the Infinite Horizon Impactor

Published on: July 24, 2012

Assessment of Bone Fracture Healing Using Micro-Computed Tomography
12:04

Assessment of Bone Fracture Healing Using Micro-Computed Tomography

Published on: December 9, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Orthopaedic Surgery
  • Traumatology
  • Medical Classification Systems

Background:

  • The Integral Classification of Injuries (ICI) was developed by Zwipp et al. for foot bone, joint, cartilage, and ligament injuries.
  • It was designed for both clinical practice and scientific research, similar to the Müller et al. fracture classification.
  • This study aimed to validate the ICI specifically for calcaneal injuries.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the reliability and practicality of the Integral Classification of Injuries (ICI) for calcaneal injuries.
  • To evaluate inter- and intra-observer variability in classifying calcaneal injuries using the ICI system.

Main Methods:

  • A panel of five experienced trauma and orthopaedic surgeons classified 20 calcaneal injuries using the ICI.
  • Classifications were repeated after two months to assess intra-observer agreement.
  • Inter- and intra-observer variability were statistically analyzed using kappa statistics.

Main Results:

  • Surgeons could not evaluate capsular and ligamentous injuries from X-ray and CT scans.
  • Inter-observer agreement for bone and joint injuries was slight (kappa = 0.14).
  • Intra-observer agreement was fair (kappa = 0.31), and the system was rated as complicated and impractical.

Conclusions:

  • The ICI demonstrates low inter- and intra-observer reliability for calcaneal injuries.
  • The classification system is considered too complicated and impractical for routine clinical or scientific application in calcaneal injury assessment.