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Effective connectivity during processing of facial affect: evidence for multiple parallel pathways.

Danai Dima¹, Klaas E Stephan, Jonathan P Roiser

¹Section of Neurobiology of Psychosis, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom. danai.dima@kcl.ac.uk

The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience

|October 7, 2011

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study reveals how the brain processes facial emotions. Conscious recognition of facial affect involves direct connections from the inferior occipital gyrus to the ventral prefrontal cortex, not solely through the amygdala.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cognitive Neuroscience
Affective Neuroscience

Background:

Facial affect perception involves a complex cortical network.
Understanding effective connectivity during emotional processing is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the brain's effective connectivity during explicit categorization of facial affect.
To determine how connectivity from posterior face regions to the lateral ventral prefrontal cortex (VPFC) is modulated by affective stimuli.
To test the role of the amygdala (AMG) in mediating this modulation.

Main Methods:

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was employed to observe brain activity.
Dynamic causal modeling (DCM) was used to analyze effective connectivity.
Bayesian model comparison was utilized to differentiate between direct and indirect modulation pathways.

Main Results:

Explicit processing of facial affect significantly increased effective connectivity from the inferior occipital gyrus (IOG) to the VPFC.
Connectivity modulation was selective, with a notable increase from IOG to VPFC specifically for anger stimuli.
Evidence for modulation of connections from the fusiform gyrus and AMG to the VPFC was less pronounced.
Bayesian analysis indicated direct modulation by facial affect, rather than indirect mediation by the AMG.

Conclusions:

Affective information is transmitted to the VPFC via multiple parallel pathways.
Amygdala activity alone does not fully explain the gating of information to the VPFC during explicit emotional processing.
The IOG plays a key role in conveying specific affective information, like anger, to the VPFC.