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Applied physiology of squash
1Physical Education Department, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Sports Medicine (Auckland, N.Z.)
|July 1, 1990
Summary
Squash is a high-intensity intermittent sport with short bursts of activity and brief rests. It leads to significant energy expenditure and metabolic changes similar to moderate running, with low blood lactate levels.
Area of Science:
- Sports Medicine
- Exercise Physiology
- Occupational Health
Background:
- Squash is characterized by intermittent high-intensity bursts of activity.
- Players are actively engaged 50-70% of the time, with short rallies (≤10 seconds).
- Rest intervals average 8 seconds, creating a distinct work-to-rest pattern.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the physiological demands of squash.
- To understand the metabolic and thermal responses to playing squash.
- To identify injury risks and provide safety recommendations for squash players.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of player activity during squash matches.
- Monitoring of heart rate and energy expenditure.
- Assessment of metabolic markers (blood lactate, hormones, glucose).
- Review of injury data and safety guidelines.
Main Results:
- Heart rate stabilizes around 160 bpm during play, regardless of skill level.
- Energy expenditure is high (2850-3000+ kJ/h), comparable to moderate running.
- Metabolic changes include hyperglycemia, elevated free fatty acids and growth hormone, with low insulin and lactate levels.
- Eye injuries are a documented risk, necessitating protective equipment.
Conclusions:
- Squash elicits a significant physiological and metabolic response.
- The intermittent nature and short rest periods result in low blood lactate.
- Protective eyewear is crucial, and cardiovascular risk factors should be considered for older players.