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Characterization of rotavirus and norovirus strains: a 6-year study (2004-2009)

Audrey Cilli1, Adriana Luchs, Simone G Morillo

  • 1Enteric Disease Laboratory, Virology Center, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. audreycilli@gmail.com

Jornal De Pediatria
|October 8, 2011
PubMed

Insights

Rotavirus (RV) and norovirus (NoV) caused significant acute gastroenteritis in São Paulo children. RV detection declined, while NoV emerged as a key pathogen, highlighting the need for ongoing surveillance.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health Surveillance

Background:

  • Acute gastroenteritis is a leading cause of childhood illness globally.
  • Rotavirus (RV) and norovirus (NoV) are major viral pathogens responsible for pediatric gastroenteritis.
  • Understanding the epidemiology and genetic diversity of these viruses is crucial for effective control strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To monitor rotavirus (RV) and norovirus (NoV) infections in hospitalized children under 5 years old with acute gastroenteritis.
  • To analyze the genotype distribution of RV and NoV strains over a 6-year period (2004-2009) in São Paulo, Brazil.
  • To assess the trends in detection rates and identify emerging viral strains.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective study involving 61 medical centers in São Paulo, Brazil.
  • Fecal specimens from hospitalized children with acute gastroenteritis were collected.
  • Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), SDS-PAGE, RT-PCR, and sequencing were used for detection and genotyping.

Main Results:

  • Rotavirus (RV) and norovirus (NoV) were detected in 29.6% and 29.2% of samples, respectively.
  • RV genotype G2P[4] became dominant from 2007-2009, with an overall decline in RV detection rates.
  • Norovirus genogroup GII was the most prevalent, and mixed RV-NoV infections were observed.

Conclusions:

  • Genotype distribution of RV and NoV varied annually, with a decreasing RV detection rate.
  • Post-marketing surveillance is essential to monitor RV vaccine efficacy and emerging genotypes.
  • Noroviruses are increasingly recognized as significant etiological agents in pediatric acute gastroenteritis in São Paulo.
Abstract

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