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Related Concept Videos

Mitochondrial Membranes01:45

Mitochondrial Membranes

A single mitochondrion is a bean-shaped organelle enclosed by a double-membrane system. The outer membrane of mitochondria is smooth and contains many porins - the integral membrane transporters. Porins enable free diffusion of ions and small uncharged molecules through the outer mitochondrial membrane but limit the transport of molecules larger than 5000 Daltons. Further, the outer mitochondrial membrane forms a unique structure called membrane contact sites with other subcellular organelles,...
Mitochondrial Membranes01:45

Mitochondrial Membranes

A single mitochondrion is a bean-shaped organelle enclosed by a double-membrane system. The outer membrane of mitochondria is smooth and contains many porins - the integral membrane transporters. Porins enable free diffusion of ions and small uncharged molecules through the outer mitochondrial membrane but limit the transport of molecules larger than 5000 Daltons. Further, the outer mitochondrial membrane forms a unique structure called membrane contact sites with other subcellular organelles,...
Mitochondrial Protein Sorting01:39

Mitochondrial Protein Sorting

Mitochondria are double-membrane organelles of the eukaryotes involved in cellular metabolism, signaling, ATP synthesis, and programmed cell death.  Each of these processes requires specific proteins and enzymes that must be correctly sorted to the right mitochondrial subcompartment for the proper functioning of the organelle.
Most of these mitochondrial proteins are encoded by the nucleus and imported to the mitochondria as unfolded or loosely folded precursors. Mitochondrial precursors...
Translocation of Proteins into the Mitochondria01:19

Translocation of Proteins into the Mitochondria

Mitochondrial precursors are translocated to the internal subcompartments via independent mechanisms involving distinct protein machineries called translocases.
Sorting of outer membrane proteins:
Mitochondrial outer membrane proteins are of two types: the transmembrane, beta-barrel porins, and the membrane-anchored, alpha-helical proteins. Beta-barrel porin precursors are translocated by the TOM complex and inserted into the outer mitochondrial membrane by the SAM complex. In contrast,...
The Inner Mitochondrial Membrane01:28

The Inner Mitochondrial Membrane

The inner mitochondrial membrane is the primary site of ATP synthesis. The inner membrane domain that forms a smooth layer adjacent to the outer membrane is called the inner boundary membrane. This domain contains membrane transporters that drive metabolites in and out of the mitochondria.  In contrast, the inner membrane network that invaginates into the matrix space is called the cristae membrane. This domain accounts for principle mitochondrial function as it accommodates the protein...
Mitochondria01:37

Mitochondria

Mitochondria are eukaryotic cellular organelles that are known to produce energy through a process called oxidative phosphorylation. Besides their primary function, mitochondria are involved in various cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, signaling, metabolism, and senescence. Age-related changes cause a decline in mitochondrial quality and integrity due to increased mitochondrial mutations and oxidative damage. Thus, aging can severely impact mitochondrial functions,...

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Listeria monocytogenes Infection of the Brain
05:02

Listeria monocytogenes Infection of the Brain

Published on: October 2, 2018

Listeria infection modulates mitochondrial dynamics.

Fabrizia Stavru1, Pascale Cossart

  • 1Institut Pasteur; Unité des Interactions Bactéries-Cellules; Département de Biologie Cellulaire et Infection; Paris, France.

Communicative & Integrative Biology
|October 8, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Listeria monocytogenes infection disrupts mitochondrial dynamics, causing fragmentation. This bacterial toxin impacts mitochondrial function, aiding infection establishment.

Keywords:
bioenergeticsintracellular pathogenlisteriolysin Omitochondrial fission

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Microbiology
  • Pathogen-Host Interactions

Background:

  • Mitochondria are vital organelles for cellular energy production and are known targets for pathogens.
  • While pathogen effects on apoptosis are studied, impacts on mitochondrial dynamics during infection are less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how the intracellular pathogen Listeria monocytogenes affects mitochondrial dynamics during infection.
  • To identify the bacterial factors and cellular mechanisms involved in pathogen-induced mitochondrial alterations.

Main Methods:

  • Infection of host cells with Listeria monocytogenes.
  • Microscopy techniques to visualize mitochondrial networks.
  • siRNA-mediated gene silencing to assess the role of mitochondrial dynamics.
  • Biochemical assays to evaluate mitochondrial function.

Main Results:

  • Listeria monocytogenes infection causes transient fragmentation of the mitochondrial network early in the infection process.
  • This fragmentation is specific to pathogenic L. monocytogenes and not observed with other intracellular pathogens.
  • Listeriolysin O, a secreted toxin, was identified as the primary bacterial factor responsible for disrupting mitochondrial dynamics and impairing function.

Conclusions:

  • Listeria monocytogenes actively manipulates host cell mitochondrial dynamics to facilitate infection.
  • Transient disruption of mitochondrial network and function by Listeria monocytogenes is a key strategy for pathogen invasion.