Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 28, 2026

Analysis of 18FDG PET/CT Imaging as a Tool for Studying Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Treatment in Non-human Primates
10:04

Analysis of 18FDG PET/CT Imaging as a Tool for Studying Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Treatment in Non-human Primates

Published on: September 5, 2017

Pulmonary tuberculosis in infants under one year of age

Zeynep Arikan-Ayyildiz1, Nevin Uzuner, Handan Cakmakçi

  • 1Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Dokuz Eylül University, Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey.

The Turkish Journal of Pediatrics
|October 11, 2011
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric tuberculosis in infants under one year old presents with cough and tachypnea. Early diagnosis and treatment of infant tuberculosis are crucial for positive outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Tuberculosis (TB) in infants under one year of age is a significant global health concern.
  • Understanding the clinical and radiological manifestations is crucial for timely diagnosis and management.
  • Limited data exists on the specific features of TB in this vulnerable age group.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the clinical and radiological features of tuberculosis in infants under 12 months of age.
  • To identify common symptoms, diagnostic findings, and treatment responses.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of medical records for six infants (≤12 months) with confirmed tuberculosis.
  • Analysis of clinical symptoms, radiological findings, microbiological cultures, and treatment outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Cough and tachypnea were the predominant clinical features.
  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis was cultured from gastric aspirates (4/5) and cerebrospinal fluid (1/1).
  • Radiological findings included lung consolidation (4/6) and lymphadenopathy (4/6), with calcifications in two cases.

Conclusions:

  • Infant tuberculosis often presents with non-specific symptoms like cough and tachypnea.
  • Microbiological confirmation is key, with gastric aspirates being a valuable source.
  • Radiological findings like consolidation and lymphadenopathy are common.
  • Antituberculous treatment is generally well-tolerated, leading to significant radiological improvement.

More Related Videos

Protocol and Guidelines for Point-of-Care Lung Ultrasound in Diagnosing Neonatal Pulmonary Diseases Based on International Expert Consensus06:15

Protocol and Guidelines for Point-of-Care Lung Ultrasound in Diagnosing Neonatal Pulmonary Diseases Based on International Expert Consensus

Published on: March 6, 2019

Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the progression...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
Tuberculosis01:23

Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health concern, primarily targeting the lungs and spreading through airborne transmission. Infection begins when aerosolized droplet nuclei, expelled by an individual with active TB, are inhaled by another person. These microscopic particles carry Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of TB. Upon reaching the alveoli, the bacilli are engulfed by alveolar macrophages. However, due to their specialized lipid-rich cell wall, these pathogens...