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Hypertension in women.

P M Hall1

  • 1Department of Hypertension and Nephrology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Ohio.

Cardiology
|January 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary

Hypertension affects millions, with elderly women tolerating it better. Estrogen-containing contraceptives can raise blood pressure, but postmenopausal estrogen may protect cardiovascular health.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Nephrology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Hypertension is a widespread condition affecting over 40 million Americans.
  • Systemic hypertension is more common in elderly women, who generally experience better tolerance compared to men.
  • Renovascular hypertension, often due to fibromuscular hyperplasia, disproportionately affects women.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the prevalence and specific considerations of hypertension in women.
  • To examine the impact of hormone therapy on blood pressure in women.
  • To highlight risk factors for renovascular hypertension in both sexes.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of hypertension in women.
  • Analysis of hormonal influences on blood pressure.
  • Examination of risk factors for renovascular and atherosclerotic hypertension.

Main Results:

  • Estrogen-containing oral contraceptives may elevate blood pressure in women with hypertension.
  • Postmenopausal estrogen supplementation shows no adverse effects on blood pressure and may provide cardiovascular benefits.
  • Tobacco use and advanced age are linked to increased prevalence of atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis in both women and men.

Conclusions:

  • Hormonal therapies have differential effects on blood pressure in women with hypertension.
  • Understanding sex-specific differences in hypertension is crucial for effective management.
  • Risk factors like smoking and age necessitate tailored preventive strategies for renovascular and atherosclerotic hypertension.

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