[Gastroesophageal reflux disease]

Gastro-esophageal reflux disease is primarily a functional disorder. Morphological manifestations occur secondarily. Primary functional changes include spontaneous relaxation and insufficiency of the lower esophageal sphincter, delayed gastric emptying and impaired esophageal peristalsis. The diagnosis is established by endoscopy--in special cases by pH-metry. Therapy comprises general measures and specific drug treatment with H2-blockers, omeprazole and prokinetics. Prophylaxis of recurrence is a problem that remains to be solved.