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PCP and hallucinogens.

M E Carroll1

  • 1Psychiatry Department, University of Minnesota, Medical School, Minneapolis 55455.

Advances in Alcohol & Substance Abuse
|January 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review examines phencyclidine (PCP) and hallucinogens, evaluating their abuse potential. It assesses reinforcing effects, subjective experiences, toxicity, and dependence, crucial for understanding drug abuse liability.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Neuroscience
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Phencyclidine (PCP) and related arylcyclohexylamines, along with hallucinogens like LSD, represent distinct classes of commonly abused substances.
  • Street availability and current epidemiological data for these drugs are discussed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the abuse liability and dependence potential of PCP and related drugs.
  • To analyze four key determinants influencing drug abuse: reinforcing efficacy, subjective effects, toxicity, and dependence potential.

Main Methods:

  • Review of animal data on the reinforcing effects of PCP and quantification methods for reinforcing efficacy.
  • Analysis of clinical reports and animal drug discrimination studies to compare subjective effects.
  • Examination of clinical reports and animal studies on acute and chronic toxicity.

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  • Assessment of tolerance development and withdrawal disturbances to measure dependence potential.

    • Main Results:

    • Animal data illustrate the reinforcing effects of PCP, though no animal models exist for hallucinogen reinforcement.
    • Subjective effects are compared across drugs using human reports and animal discrimination studies.
    • Toxicity data from human and animal studies are reviewed.
    • Dependence potential is evaluated through tolerance and withdrawal phenomena.

    Conclusions:

    • Understanding the determinants of abuse liability is critical for addressing the public health impact of PCP and related drugs.
    • Further research into animal models for hallucinogen-reinforced behavior may enhance understanding of their abuse potential.