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Related Concept Videos

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)...
lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)...
Non-LTR Retrotransposons03:18

Non-LTR Retrotransposons

As the name suggests, non-LTR retrotransposons lack the long terminal repeats characteristic of the LTR retrotransposons. Additionally, both LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons use distinct mechanisms of mobilization. Non-LTR retrotransposons are further divided into two classes - Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) and short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), both of which occur abundantly in most mammals, including humans. Some of the active non-LTR retrotransposons in humans are L1...
Types of RNA01:20

Types of RNA

Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA Performs Diverse...
Ribosome Profiling02:24

Ribosome Profiling

Ribosome profiling or ribo-sequencing is a deep sequencing technique that produces a snapshot of active translation in a cell. It selectively sequences the mRNAs protected by ribosomes to get an insight into a cell’s translation landscape at any given point in time.
Applications of ribosome profiling
Ribosome profiling has many applications, including in vivo monitoring of translation inside a particular organ or tissue type and quantifying new protein synthesis levels.
The technique helps...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...

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Dual CRISPR-Interference Strategy for Targeting Synthetic Lethal Interactions Between Non-Coding RNAs in Cancer Cells
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Dual CRISPR-Interference Strategy for Targeting Synthetic Lethal Interactions Between Non-Coding RNAs in Cancer Cells

Published on: May 30, 2025

Human cancer long non-coding RNA transcriptomes.

Ewan A Gibb1, Emily A Vucic, Katey S S Enfield

  • 1British Columbia Cancer Agency Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. egibb@bccrc.ca

Plos One
|October 13, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are functional transcriptome components. This study reveals extensive, tissue-specific lncRNA expression in normal tissues and aberrant patterns in cancers, creating a first-generation lncRNA cancer atlas.

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Transcriptomics

Background:

  • Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are increasingly recognized as crucial functional elements within the mammalian transcriptome, despite lacking protein-coding potential.
  • Their diverse structural and functional roles in cellular biology are significant, yet a comprehensive understanding of their expression in normal human tissues and cancers is lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively investigate the contribution of lncRNA expression to normal human tissues and cancers.
  • To delineate lncRNA transcription patterns across a wide spectrum of human tissues and cancers.
  • To present a foundational atlas for lncRNA profiling in cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Compiled 272 human serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) libraries.
  • Utilized a novel lncRNA discovery pipeline to analyze over 24 million SAGE tags.
  • Examined lncRNA expression profiles in 26 normal human tissues and 19 human cancers.

Main Results:

  • Identified extensive and tissue-specific lncRNA expression patterns in normal human tissues.
  • Revealed highly aberrant lncRNA expression profiles in various human cancers.
  • Established a comprehensive dataset for lncRNA profiling across normal and cancerous tissues.

Conclusions:

  • lncRNA expression is highly dynamic and tissue-specific in normal physiology.
  • Aberrant lncRNA expression is a hallmark of human cancers.
  • The developed atlas provides a critical resource for understanding lncRNA roles in cancer biology and for future diagnostic or therapeutic strategies.