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Related Concept Videos

Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

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Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance02:40

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Stem cell therapy is a method used in regenerative medicine to repair and restore function to damaged tissues and organs. Stem cells have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into various tissue types, making them ideal candidates for tissue regeneration. For example, hematopoietic stem cell transplants are commonly used in blood cancer treatment to replenish damaged bone marrow and restore healthy blood cells.
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Corrigendum: <i>Sept4</i>/ARTS is required for stem cell apoptosis and tumor suppression.

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ARTS-based anticancer therapy: taking aim at cancer stem cells.

Ronit Elhasid1, Sarit Larisch

  • 1Pediatric Hemato-Oncology Unit, 'Dana' Children's Hospital, Tel-Aviv, Israel.

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Loss of the apoptosis-related protein ARTS, also known as septin 4 isoform 2, promotes cancer by increasing stem cell numbers and resistance to apoptosis. Targeting ARTS may offer a novel anti-cancer and anti-cancer stem cell therapy.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cancer Biology
  • Cell Death Research

Background:

  • Apoptosis-related protein in TGF-β signaling pathway (ARTS/septin 4 isoform 2), referred to as ARTS, promotes apoptosis via multiple stimuli.
  • ARTS antagonizes XIAP, a protein often overexpressed in cancers and linked to poor prognosis.
  • ARTS functions as a tumor suppressor, with its deficiency increasing tumor susceptibility and stem/progenitor cell populations due to apoptosis resistance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of ARTS in apoptosis and cancer development.
  • To explore the potential of ARTS as a cancer stem cell (CSC) marker.
  • To evaluate ARTS as a therapeutic target for anticancer and anti-CSC strategies.

Main Methods:

  • In vivo and in vitro studies were conducted to examine ARTS-induced apoptosis.
  • Analysis of tumor-suppressor function of ARTS in human patients and mouse models.
  • Investigation of the relationship between ARTS deficiency, stem cell populations, and tumorigenesis.

Main Results:

  • ARTS-induced apoptosis is primarily mediated by direct binding and antagonism of XIAP.
  • Septin 4/ARTS-deficient mice exhibit increased tumor susceptibility and elevated numbers of stem and progenitor cells.
  • Loss of ARTS-mediated apoptosis contributes to tumorigenesis by increasing normal stem cell numbers and enhancing the survival of cancer stem cells (CSCs).

Conclusions:

  • Loss of proapoptotic ARTS may initiate tumorigenesis through increased stem cell populations and enhanced CSC survival.
  • ARTS deficiency represents a potential 'first hit' in cancer development.
  • Targeting signaling pathways affecting normal stem cell development and maintenance, alongside ARTS, could be crucial for cancer eradication and anti-CSC therapy.