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Related Concept Videos

siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs02:30

siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs

Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the ATP-dependent...
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease01:29

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease

Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a widespread pathogen that primarily targets infants and young children but also poses a serious health risk to elderly and immunocompromised individuals. Belonging to the Pneumoviridae family, RSV is a negative-sense, single-stranded RNA virus within the Pneumovirus genus. Its global health burden is significant, with millions of cases annually resulting in hospitalizations and mortality, particularly in resource-limited settings. Although most...
Inhibitors of Viral Protein Synthesis01:30

Inhibitors of Viral Protein Synthesis

Protein synthesis is indispensable for viral replication, as viruses lack the cellular machinery required for this process and must hijack the host's translational apparatus. In response, host cells deploy a critical innate immune defense involving interferons, specialized cytokines that play a central role in inhibiting viral propagation.Upon viral detection, infected cells release interferons that bind to receptors on adjacent uninfected cells, activating the JAK-STAT signaling pathway and...
Influenza01:27

Influenza

Influenza is an acute, highly communicable viral disease that affects the respiratory tract and is responsible for seasonal epidemics worldwide. Influenza A is the most prevalent type associated with widespread outbreaks and is subtyped based on two surface glycoproteins: hemagglutinin (H) and neuraminidase (N), as in H1N1. These glycoproteins are essential for viral infectivity, transmission, and immune recognition. Transmission occurs primarily through respiratory droplets and contaminated...
Inhibitors Of Virion Release01:25

Inhibitors Of Virion Release

Viral replication and dissemination rely on efficient mechanisms for host cell entry, genome replication, assembly, and release. Influenza viruses, such as types A and B, are negative-sense single-stranded RNA viruses with a segmented genome, that depend on two critical surface glycoproteins to carry out these processes: hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA). HA initiates infection by binding to sialic acid residues on the surface of host epithelial cells, facilitating receptor-mediated...
Antiviral Nucleoside Inhibitors01:22

Antiviral Nucleoside Inhibitors

Antiviral Nucleoside InhibitorsAntiviral nucleoside inhibitors are structural analogs of natural nucleosides that interfere with viral DNA or RNA synthesis. These compounds selectively target viral polymerases due to their resemblance to host nucleosides, thereby disrupting viral genome replication.Mechanism of Acyclovir ActionAcyclovir is a guanosine analog with a three-carbon acyclic side chain. It selectively targets herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2),...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 28, 2026

Fluorescence-based Neuraminidase Inhibition Assay to Assess the Susceptibility of Influenza Viruses to The Neuraminidase Inhibitor Class of Antivirals
09:31

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Published on: April 15, 2017

siRNA for Influenza Therapy.

Sailen Barik1

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of South Alabama, College of Medicine, MSB 2370, 307 University Boulevard, Mobile, AL 36688-0002, USA.

Viruses
|October 14, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Synthetic short interfering RNA (siRNA) offers a promising new approach to combat influenza virus infections. This RNA interference technology shows potential as a potent antiviral, overcoming limitations of current treatments.

Keywords:
RNA interferenceantiviralinfluenza virusshort interfering RNA

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Using Zebrafish Models of Human Influenza A Virus Infections to Screen Antiviral Drugs and Characterize Host Immune Cell Responses

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Influenza virus causes widespread annual infections, leading to significant global morbidity and mortality, especially in vulnerable populations.
  • Existing influenza vaccines and antiviral drugs have limitations due to viral mutation rates and potential side effects.
  • The high prevalence and ancient nature of influenza necessitate novel therapeutic strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the potential of RNA interference (RNAi) using synthetic short interfering RNA (siRNA) as an antiviral therapy against influenza.
  • To highlight the advantages of siRNA-based treatments over traditional small molecule antivirals.
  • To discuss the challenges and successes of intranasal siRNA delivery for respiratory virus infections.

Main Methods:

  • Review of scientific literature on RNA interference and its application in antiviral therapy.
  • Analysis of the efficacy of specifically designed siRNAs in inhibiting influenza virus replication.
  • Examination of the clinical progress and challenges associated with RNAi technology.

Main Results:

  • Engineered siRNAs demonstrate potent inhibition of influenza virus replication.
  • siRNA therapeutics offer advantages in ease of design, cost-effectiveness, and rapid development compared to conventional antivirals.
  • Intranasal siRNA delivery has shown significant promise for treating respiratory viral infections, including influenza.

Conclusions:

  • RNA interference via siRNA represents a potent and advantageous antiviral strategy for influenza.
  • While challenges in specificity and tissue delivery persist, intranasal application shows considerable optimism.
  • Further research and development in RNAi hold significant potential for combating influenza and other respiratory viruses.