Transcatheter embolization of congenital hepatic arteriovenous malformation using ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (Onyx)

A male infant with high-output heart failure who had been found to have a hepatic arteriovenous malformation by ultrasound imaging was referred to our center (Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Islamic Republic of Iran) for further evaluation. Computed tomography angiography revealed a large hepatic arteriovenous malformation with feeders originating from enlarged hepatic arteries and draining to enlarged hepatic veins. We performed a transcatheter embolization of the anomaly using ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer (Onyx) during a single session. The cardiac function of the infant rapidly improved after the procedure. Over the 19 months of follow-up, his cardiac output remained stable and within the normal limits, and no complications were detected.