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Related Concept Videos

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay01:33

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

In 1971, Peter Perlman and Eva Engvall developed an Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA or EIA). ELISA differs from western blot in that the assays are conducted in microtiter plates or in vivo rather than on an absorbent membrane.
There are many different types of ELISAs, but they all involve an antibody molecule whose constant region binds an enzyme, leaving the variable region free to bind its specific antigen.  Enzyme-substrate reaction allows the antigen to be visualized or quantified.

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Updated: May 28, 2026

Development and Validation of an Ultrasensitive Single Molecule Array Digital Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay for Human Interferon-α
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Fifth-generation digital immunoassay for prostate-specific antigen by single molecule array technology.

David H Wilson1, David W Hanlon, Gail K Provuncher

  • 1Quanterix Corporation, Cambridge, MA, USA. dwilson@quanterix.com

Clinical Chemistry
|October 15, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new digital immunoassay offers a 2-log lower limit of quantification for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) after prostatectomy (RP). This enhanced sensitivity improves prostate cancer recurrence risk assessment for patients post-surgery.

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Published on: October 10, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Immunology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Current prostate-specific antigen (PSA) assays lack the sensitivity to detect low levels post-prostatectomy (RP).
  • Undetectable PSA levels hinder accurate prognosis and treatment targeting in prostate cancer patients.
  • A more sensitive assay is needed to improve patient management after RP.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel digital immunoassay for highly sensitive PSA detection.
  • To improve the assessment of prostate cancer recurrence risk after RP.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a bead-based ELISA using femtoliter-volume wells and high-density arrays.
  • Singulation of immunocomplexes and enzyme labels for interrogation.
  • Characterization of analytical performance and comparison with a commercial assay using serum samples from 33 RP patients.

Main Results:

  • The digital immunoassay demonstrated a functional sensitivity <0.05 pg/mL, a 2-log improvement over existing ultrasensitive assays.
  • The assay showed excellent agreement with the comparator method and high precision.
  • Post-surgery PSA concentrations were predictive of prostate cancer recurrence risk over 5 years.

Conclusions:

  • The developed digital immunoassay provides a 2-log enhanced limit of quantification for PSA detection after RP.
  • Validated analytical performance allows for accurate PSA assessment, improving patient prognosis and treatment strategies.