Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:06

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
Somatic cells are...
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:13

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore called induced pluripotent stem...
iPS Cell Differentiation01:22

iPS Cell Differentiation

The ability of induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs to differentiate into most body cell types has stimulated repair and regenerative medicine research over the past few decades. iPSC-derived blood cells, hepatocytes, beta islet cells, cardiomyocytes, neurons, and other cell types can repair injuries or regenerate damaged tissue in diseases such as diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders.
EPS and iPS Cells in Disease Research01:21

EPS and iPS Cells in Disease Research

Embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells are excellent models for disease research because of their ability to self-renew and differentiate into most cell types. Somatic cells from a patient are isolated and reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs. These iPSCs are later differentiated into the desired cell type, which mirrors the diseased cell of the patient. In this way, disease models have been created for investigating diseases such as Down syndrome, type I diabetes,...
Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells01:32

Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells

Chromatin modification alters gene expression; therefore, scientists can add histone-modifying enzymes, histone variants, and chromatin remodeling complexes to somatic cells to aid reprogramming into pluripotent stem (iPS) cells.
Compact chromatin makes reprogramming difficult. Enzymes, such as histone demethylases and acetyltransferases, are often added during reprogramming to loosen the chromatin, making the DNA more accessible to transcription factors. Molecules that inhibit histone...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Evaluation of drug-drug interactions of traditional Japanese medicines (Hochuekkito, Goreisan, and Ninjin'yoeito) in CYP3A-humanised mice.

Xenobiotica; the fate of foreign compounds in biological systems·2026
Same author

CYP3A5 polymorphism affects the disposition of tacrolimus and its metabolite in systemic circulation and peripheral tissues of mice introduced with the CYP3A5 gene.

Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals·2026
Same author

Wnt activation and dual SMAD inhibition for induction and maintenance of hindbrain-like neural stem cell from hiPSCs.

Cell reports methods·2026
Same author

Rejuvenation of mesenchymal stromal cells via partial reprogramming enables scalable generation of transcriptionally diverse MSC libraries.

Stem cell research & therapy·2026
Same author

Green tea catechin at a daily intake level suppresses root resorption while maintaining intrusive tooth movement in rat model.

Dental materials journal·2026
Same author

Reconstitution of DNA fragments on HAC/MAC via the fragment-assembly system.

Scientific reports·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 28, 2026

Efficient iPS Cell Generation from Blood Using Episomes and HDAC Inhibitors
08:14

Efficient iPS Cell Generation from Blood Using Episomes and HDAC Inhibitors

Published on: October 28, 2014

Integration-free iPS cells engineered using human artificial chromosome vectors.

Masaharu Hiratsuka1, Narumi Uno, Kana Ueda

  • 1Division of Molecular and Cell Genetics, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan.

Plos One
|October 15, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Human artificial chromosomes (HACs) offer efficient gene delivery for creating uniform induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. These HAC vectors enable integration-free reprogramming and include a safeguard system for enhanced safety.

More Related Videos

Generation of Integration-free Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Using Episomal Vectors
09:45

Generation of Integration-free Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Using Episomal Vectors

Published on: January 1, 2017

Generation of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Peripheral Blood Using the STEMCCA Lentiviral Vector
12:03

Generation of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Peripheral Blood Using the STEMCCA Lentiviral Vector

Published on: October 31, 2012

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 28, 2026

Efficient iPS Cell Generation from Blood Using Episomes and HDAC Inhibitors
08:14

Efficient iPS Cell Generation from Blood Using Episomes and HDAC Inhibitors

Published on: October 28, 2014

Generation of Integration-free Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Using Episomal Vectors
09:45

Generation of Integration-free Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Using Episomal Vectors

Published on: January 1, 2017

Generation of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Peripheral Blood Using the STEMCCA Lentiviral Vector
12:03

Generation of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Peripheral Blood Using the STEMCCA Lentiviral Vector

Published on: October 31, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Gene Therapy

Background:

  • Human artificial chromosomes (HACs) are advanced gene-delivery vectors.
  • HACs facilitate episomal transmission and delivery of large transgenes.
  • Reprogramming somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells is crucial for regenerative medicine.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of HAC vectors for reprogramming mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) into iPS cells.
  • To assess the characteristics of iPS cells generated using HAC vectors.
  • To demonstrate the advantages of HAC vectors as gene-delivery systems for iPS cell generation.

Main Methods:

  • Construction of two HAC vectors (iHAC1 and iHAC2), with iHAC2 including a p53-knockdown cassette.
  • Reprogramming of MEFs using the developed HAC vectors.
  • Analysis of gene expression patterns, pluripotent markers, teratomas, and chimeras.
  • Generation of integration-free iPS cells by spontaneous loss of HAC2.
  • Functional assessment of a HAC-based safeguard system using ganciclovir treatment.

Main Results:

  • iHAC2 efficiently reprogrammed MEFs into iPS cells, surpassing iHAC1's partial reprogramming.
  • HAC vectors generated relatively uniform iPS cells compared to other vectors.
  • Integration-free iPS cells derived from HAC2 loss were confirmed to be pluripotent.
  • The HAC safeguard system effectively eliminated iPS cells carrying a specific marker after ganciclovir treatment.

Conclusions:

  • HAC vectors are effective tools for generating uniform, integration-free iPS cells.
  • The developed HAC vectors offer advantages for reprogramming and possess a functional safeguard system.
  • HAC technology provides a robust platform for safe and efficient iPS cell generation.