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Detection of Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis in Haematological Malignancy Patients by using Lateral-flow Technology
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Invasive non-Aspergillus mold infections in transplant recipients, United States, 2001-2006

Benjamin J Park1, Peter G Pappas, Kathleen A Wannemuehler

  • 1Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. bpark1@cdc.gov

Emerging Infectious Diseases
|October 18, 2011
PubMed

Insights

Non-Aspergillus mold infections, including mucormycosis, are increasingly affecting transplant recipients and are linked to high mortality. Mucormycosis incidence rose significantly in hematopoietic cell transplant patients during 2001-2006.

Area of Science:

  • Mycology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Transplant Medicine

Background:

  • Increasing incidence of non-Aspergillus mold infections reported in hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) and solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients.
  • Need for epidemiological data on infections caused by Mucorales, Fusarium spp., and Scedosporium spp. in transplant populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the epidemiology of non-Aspergillus mold infections, specifically Mucorales, Fusarium spp., and Scedosporium spp., in HCT and SOT recipients.
  • To determine the incidence and mortality rates associated with these infections.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of data from the Transplant-Associated Infection Surveillance Network.
  • Prospective surveillance for invasive fungal infections across 23 transplant centers from 2001 to 2006.
  • Identification and classification of fungal pathogens, including Mucorales, Fusarium spp., and Scedosporium spp.

Main Results:

  • 169 infections identified in 169 patients: 105 Mucorales, 37 Fusarium spp., 27 Scedosporium spp.
  • 124 infections (73.4%) in HCT recipients, 45 infections (26.6%) in SOT recipients.
  • Crude 90-day mortality rate was 56.6%; 12-month mucormycosis incidence was 0.29% for HCT and 0.07% for SOT.
  • Mucormycosis incidence in HCT recipients increased during 2003-2004 and over the surveillance period.

Conclusions:

  • Non-Aspergillus mold infections remain a significant cause of mortality in transplant recipients.
  • The incidence of mucormycosis has substantially increased among HCT recipients.
  • Continued surveillance and research are crucial for managing these challenging infections.

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