Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Encephalitis ll: Pathophysiology01:26

Encephalitis ll: Pathophysiology

Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma caused by direct viral invasion or immune-mediated mechanisms triggered by infections or tumors. Both processes lead to neuronal injury, disrupted neurotransmission, and diverse neurological symptoms, often with overlapping clinical and pathological features.Autoimmune EncephalitisIn autoimmune encephalitis, antibodies target neuronal antigens on cell surfaces, synapses, or within neurons. A key example is anti-NMDAR encephalitis, which can...
Hepatic Encephalopathy01:29

Hepatic Encephalopathy

DefinitionHepatic encephalopathy is a reversible neurologic syndrome that results from advanced liver dysfunction or portosystemic shunting. It leads to disturbances in cognition, behavior, and motor function due to the brain’s exposure to gut-derived toxins that the liver fails to detoxify.EtiologyThis condition develops either in the setting of acute fulminant hepatitis or progressively during chronic liver disease, such as cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Portosystemic shunting—including...
Encephalitis l: Introduction01:19

Encephalitis l: Introduction

Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma, most often due to infections or autoimmune processes. It presents with neuropsychiatric features such as fever, altered mental status, behavioral changes, cognitive dysfunction, seizures, focal deficits, and sometimes autonomic instability. In some cases, the meninges are also involved, resulting in meningoencephalitis.Infectious CausesInfectious encephalitis is most commonly viral but can also result from bacterial, fungal, or parasitic...
Cerebral Edema ll: Pathophysiology01:22

Cerebral Edema ll: Pathophysiology

Vasogenic edema is a major form of cerebral edema characterized by abnormal accumulation of fluid in the brain’s extracellular space due to disruption of the blood–brain barrier (BBB). The BBB is a specialized structure composed of endothelial cells connected by tight junctions, supported by astrocytic endfeet and a basement membrane. Under normal conditions, it tightly regulates the movement of ions, proteins, and solutes between the bloodstream and brain parenchyma. When this barrier loses...
Cerebral Edema l: Introduction01:19

Cerebral Edema l: Introduction

Cerebral edema is a pathological increase in brain water content that disrupts intracranial pressure regulation and impairs neurological function. Because the cranial vault is rigid, even modest increases in tissue volume can compromise cerebral perfusion, distort neural structures, and initiate secondary injury. Cerebral edema develops through four principal mechanisms: vasogenic, cytotoxic, interstitial, and ionic.Vasogenic EdemaVasogenic edema arises from disruption of the blood–brain...
Bacterial Meningitis II: Pathophysiology01:26

Bacterial Meningitis II: Pathophysiology

Bacterial meningitis typically begins when pathogens such as Neisseria meningitidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae colonize the nasopharynx and invade the bloodstream. This process is facilitated by bacterial virulence factors, such as polysaccharide capsules, which resist phagocytosis and complement-mediated killing. Less commonly, bacteria reach the central nervous system via contiguous spread from infections like otitis media or sinusitis, through congenital or acquired dural defects, or...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Copper-mediated amidation of alkenylzirconocenes with acyl azides: formation of enamides.

Organic letters·2013
Same author

3D palmprint and hand imaging system based on full-field composite color sinusoidal fringe projection technique.

Applied optics·2013
Same author

JARID1A, JMY, and PTGER4 polymorphisms are related to ankylosing spondylitis in Chinese Han patients: a case-control study.

PloS one·2013
Same author

[The risk factors of ventilator-associated pneumonia in newborn and the changes of isolated pathogens].

Sichuan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Sichuan University. Medical science edition·2013
Same author

A route to phase controllable Cu2ZnSn(S(1-x)Se(x))4 nanocrystals with tunable energy bands.

Scientific reports·2013
Same author

Efficacy of an infection control program in reducing ventilator-associated pneumonia in a Chinese neonatal intensive care unit.

American journal of infection control·2013

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 28, 2026

Modeling Encephalopathy of Prematurity Using Prenatal Hypoxia-ischemia with Intra-amniotic Lipopolysaccharide in Rats
07:36

Modeling Encephalopathy of Prematurity Using Prenatal Hypoxia-ischemia with Intra-amniotic Lipopolysaccharide in Rats

Published on: November 20, 2015

[Progress in encephalopathy of prematurity].

Zhi-Heng Huang1, Yi Sun, Chao Chen

  • 1Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, China.

Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi = Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics
|October 18, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Preterm birth rates are rising, leading to increased preterm brain injury. This review covers advancements in understanding and managing this critical condition in premature infants.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatology
  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Pediatrics

Context:

  • Rising rates of preterm birth globally.
  • Advances in neonatal intensive care improve survival but increase vulnerability to brain injury.
  • Premature infant brains are susceptible to hypoxic-ischemic and infectious/inflammatory insults.

Purpose:

  • To review current understanding and recent advancements in encephalopathy of prematurity.
  • To highlight the impact of perinatal risk factors on preterm brain development.
  • To explore the role of advanced imaging in diagnosing and monitoring preterm brain injury.

Summary:

  • Encephalopathy of prematurity involves diffuse white matter injury and neuronal/axonal damage.
  • Key risk factors include hypoxia-ischemia and infection/inflammation.

More Related Videos

Amplitude-Integrated EEG in Infants at Risk of Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy: A Feasibility Study in Road and Air Transport in Western Australia
05:15

Amplitude-Integrated EEG in Infants at Risk of Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy: A Feasibility Study in Road and Air Transport in Western Australia

Published on: June 21, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 28, 2026

Modeling Encephalopathy of Prematurity Using Prenatal Hypoxia-ischemia with Intra-amniotic Lipopolysaccharide in Rats
07:36

Modeling Encephalopathy of Prematurity Using Prenatal Hypoxia-ischemia with Intra-amniotic Lipopolysaccharide in Rats

Published on: November 20, 2015

Amplitude-Integrated EEG in Infants at Risk of Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy: A Feasibility Study in Road and Air Transport in Western Australia
05:15

Amplitude-Integrated EEG in Infants at Risk of Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy: A Feasibility Study in Road and Air Transport in Western Australia

Published on: June 21, 2024

  • Neurological deficits like cognitive impairment and cerebral palsy are common outcomes.

    • Impact:

    • Improved diagnosis and monitoring of preterm brain injury through advanced imaging (e.g., MRI).
    • Potential for new strategies in prophylaxis and management of encephalopathy of prematurity.
    • Enhanced understanding to mitigate long-term neurological disabilities in survivors.