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False-positive human immunodeficiency virus antibody test and autoimmune hemolytic anemia in a patient with
Seiji Shida1, Naoto Takahashi, Naohito Fujishima
1Department of Hematology, Nephrology and Rheumatology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan.
Abstract:
A 44-year-old woman was admitted with generalized lymphadenopathy, which was diagnosed as angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL). The patient showed autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA), polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia and a high antinuclear antibody titer. Moreover, a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1/2 screening test using the particle agglutination method was reactive. After chemotherapy for AITL, the AIHA was eliminated, and the false-positive HIV results were no longer detected. Autoimmunity associated with AITL is the likely cause of the cross-reaction with HIV and the AIHA. It is important to recognize that the cross-reaction with HIV can be a potential complication in AITL as well as AIHA.
