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Updated: May 28, 2026

Residue-specific Incorporation of Noncanonical Amino Acids into Model Proteins Using an Escherichia coli Cell-free Transcription-translation System
Published on: August 1, 2016
Site-specific incorporation of arginine analogs into proteins using arginyl-tRNA synthetase
Akiya Akahoshi1, Yoshitaka Suzue, Mizuki Kitamatsu
1Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Okayama 700-8530, Japan.
Abstract:
Arginine analogs were incorporated site-specifically into proteins using an in vitro translation system. In this system, mRNAs containing a CGGG codon were translated by an aminoacyl-tRNA(CCCG), which was charged with arginine analogs using yeast arginyl-tRNA synthetase. N(G)-monomethyl-L-arginine, L-citrulline and L-homoarginine were incorporated successfully into proteins using this method. The influence of arginine monomethylation in histone H3 on the acetylation of lysine residues by histone acetyltransferase hGCN5 was investigated, and the results demonstrated that K9 acetylation was suppressed by the methylation of R8 and R17 but not by R26 methylation. K18 acetylation was not affected by the methylation of R8, R17 and R26. This site-specific modification strategy provides a way to explore the roles of post-translational modifications in the absence of heterogeneity due to other modifications.
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