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Related Concept Videos

Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:15

Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

An ischemic stroke occurs when a cerebral blood vessel becomes obstructed, most often by a thrombus or embolus, interrupting the delivery of oxygen and glucose to brain tissue. Because neurons rely on continuous aerobic metabolism, energy failure begins within minutes of reduced perfusion. The region receiving the least blood flow becomes the infarct core, an area of irreversible cellular death. Surrounding this core lies the penumbra, a zone of hypoperfused but still viable tissue that is...
Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction01:15

Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction

Ischemic stroke is an acute cerebrovascular condition in which blood flow to a brain region is suddenly interrupted, leading to tissue infarction. Neurons depend on continuous oxygen and glucose supply, so even brief reductions in perfusion cause energy failure, ionic imbalance, and irreversible injury. Ischemic strokes are classified into thrombotic and embolic types based on their underlying mechanisms.Thrombotic MechanismsThrombotic stroke develops when a clot forms within a cerebral artery.
Transient Ischemic Attack l: Introduction01:26

Transient Ischemic Attack l: Introduction

A transient ischemic attack (TIA) is a brief episode of neurological dysfunction caused by a temporary, focal reduction in cerebral blood flow. Although symptoms resemble those of an ischemic stroke, the interruption in perfusion is short-lived and does not cause permanent infarction. TIAs are clinically important because they often serve as early warning events for future stroke.Mechanisms of Transient Cerebral IschemiaTransient cerebral ischemia may arise through several mechanisms. One...
Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:29

Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

A hemorrhagic stroke develops when a cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to escape into the surrounding brain tissue, as in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), or into the subarachnoid space, as in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Because the skull is a rigid compartment, the sudden presence of extravascular blood rapidly increases intracranial pressure and compresses adjacent neural structures, leading to immediate tissue injury and impaired cerebral perfusion.Mass Effect and Primary...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 28, 2026

Short-Duration Hypothermia Induction in Rats using Models for Studies examining Clinical Relevance and Mechanisms
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Published on: March 3, 2021

Delayed hypothermia in malignant ischaemic stroke.

Vincenzo Di Lazzaro1, Paolo Profice, Michele Dileone

  • 1Institute of Neurology, Università Cattolica, L.go A. Gemelli 8, 00168, Rome, Italy. vdilazzaro@rm.unicatt.it

Neurological Sciences : Official Journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology
|October 18, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Moderate hypothermia may reduce mortality in malignant brain infarction. This case study suggests hypothermia may benefit malignant edema even days after stroke onset.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Malignant brain infarction can lead to severe complications like brain edema.
  • The efficacy of moderate hypothermia for malignant brain edema treated days after stroke is not well-established due to limited data.

Observation:

  • A patient with malignant brain edema following middle cerebral artery infarction became comatose on day three post-stroke.
  • Moderate hypothermia was initiated on the third day using an intravascular cooling catheter, reaching 32°C within 6 hours.

Findings:

  • The patient underwent 36 hours of hypothermia followed by controlled re-warming.
  • The patient survived and demonstrated a reduction in mass effect on CT scans, indicating a positive response.

Implications:

  • This case suggests that moderate hypothermia may be beneficial in treating severe, space-occupying ischemic infarction, even when initiated several days after stroke onset.
  • Further research is warranted to confirm the safety and efficacy of delayed hypothermia for malignant brain edema.