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Related Concept Videos

Bacterial Meningitis I: Introduction01:22

Bacterial Meningitis I: Introduction

Bacterial meningitis is a severe, life-threatening inflammation of the meninges, particularly the pia mater and arachnoid mater, affecting the subarachnoid space, ventricles, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). If untreated, it can lead to significant neurological complications or death.Causative AgentsCommon pathogens vary with age and immune status. In adults, major organisms include Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, and Haemophilus influenzae. Streptococcus agalactiae (group B...
Bacterial Meningitis01:24

Bacterial Meningitis

Bacterial meningitis is a severe infectious disease involving inflammation of the meninges, the protective membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord. It occurs when pathogenic bacteria cross the blood–brain barrier and enter the cerebrospinal fluid. Common causative organisms include Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae type b, Listeria monocytogenes, and Escherichia coli K1. The exact route of entry varies by pathogen and host condition.Routes of Entry...
Bacterial Meningitis II: Pathophysiology01:26

Bacterial Meningitis II: Pathophysiology

Bacterial meningitis typically begins when pathogens such as Neisseria meningitidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae colonize the nasopharynx and invade the bloodstream. This process is facilitated by bacterial virulence factors, such as polysaccharide capsules, which resist phagocytosis and complement-mediated killing. Less commonly, bacteria reach the central nervous system via contiguous spread from infections like otitis media or sinusitis, through congenital or acquired dural defects, or...
Viral Meningitis01:18

Viral Meningitis

Viral meningitis is the most common form of meningitis and is often referred to as aseptic meningitis to indicate the absence of bacterial involvement. It is generally milder than bacterial meningitis, with symptoms including fever, headache, stiff neck, drowsiness, nausea, photophobia, and vomiting. Rarely, more severe manifestations or death may occur. Common causative agents include enteroviruses, particularly coxsackie A and B viruses and echoviruses, all members of the Enterovirus genus...
Streptococcal Pharyngitis01:27

Streptococcal Pharyngitis

Streptococcal pharyngitis, commonly known as “strep throat,” is an acute infection of the oropharyngeal tissues caused by the Gram‑positive Group A Streptococcus (Streptococcus pyogenes). Transmission occurs primarily through respiratory droplets expelled during coughing, sneezing, or talking.Mechanisms of Host Entry and Immune EvasionUpon entering the host, S. pyogenes adheres to the mucosal epithelial cells of the pharynx via surface proteins, notably lipoteichoic acid and the antiphagocytic...
Bacterial Gastroenteritis01:18

Bacterial Gastroenteritis

Bacterial gastroenteritis, characterized by diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and vomiting, is often caused by ingestion of contaminated food or water and is frequently associated with pathogenic Escherichia coli strains. These microbes exploit two principal mechanisms to inflict disease.Shiga toxin–producing E. coli, also referred to as STEC—notably O157:H7—release Shiga toxins that target ribosomes, blocking protein synthesis. The B subunit of the toxin binds the host glycolipid receptor...

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A Murine Model of Group B Streptococcus Vaginal Colonization
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Neonatal meningitis caused by Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianus.

Maki Nagamatsu1, Taeko Takagi, Tadatomo Ohyanagi

  • 1Department of Clinical Laboratory, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, 2-16-1 Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 216-8511, Japan. m-naga.7122@marianna-u.ac.jp

Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy : Official Journal of the Japan Society of Chemotherapy
|October 18, 2011
PubMed
Summary

This report details a rare case of neonatal meningitis caused by Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianus in an 8-day-old infant. Prompt diagnosis and tailored antibiotic treatment led to the infant's successful recovery and discharge.

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Area of Science:

  • Neonatal infectious diseases
  • Bacteriology
  • Clinical microbiology

Background:

  • Neonatal meningitis poses a significant threat to infant health.
  • Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianus is an emerging pathogen in neonatal infections.
  • Accurate identification and susceptibility testing are crucial for effective treatment.

Observation:

  • An 8-day-old male infant presented with symptoms suggestive of meningitis.
  • Cerebrospinal fluid analysis revealed Gram-positive cocci.
  • 16S rRNA sequencing confirmed the presence of Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianus.

Findings:

  • The infant was diagnosed with bacterial meningitis caused by S. gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianus.
  • Initial ampicillin therapy was augmented with panipenem/betamipron due to suspected inflammatory progression.
  • The infant showed a positive response to the antibiotic regimen and was discharged.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the importance of considering S. gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianus in neonatal meningitis.
  • Early and appropriate antimicrobial intervention is key to favorable outcomes.
  • Further research into the pathogenicity and treatment of this bacterium in neonates is warranted.