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Updated: May 28, 2026
08:30
X-ray Dose Reduction through Adaptive Exposure in Fluoroscopic Imaging
Published on: September 11, 2011
Radiation exposure during endourologic procedures using over-the-table fluoroscopy sources.
Manuel Ritter1, Patrick Krombach, Andreas Martinschek
1Department of Urology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany. manuel.ritter@umm.de
Journal of Endourology
|October 19, 2011
Summary
Endourologic surgeons
Area of Science:
- Urology
- Medical Physics
- Radiology
Background:
- Fluoroscopy is integral to endourologic surgery.
- Surgeons often lack awareness of their radiation exposure.
- Assessing radiation doses is crucial for safety.
Purpose of the Study:
- To quantify radiation exposure for endourologic surgeons.
- To evaluate doses during common endourologic interventions.
- To inform radiation safety practices in urology.
Main Methods:
- Prospective study of 235 endourologic interventions.
- Radiation dose measured using thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs) on surgeons.
- Forehead and finger TLDs monitored radiation to eyes, thyroid, and hands.
- Interventions included ureteral stent placement/change, percutaneous stent change, PCNL, and URS.
Main Results:
- Forehead radiation doses varied by procedure, with PCNL highest (0.18 mSv).
- Finger radiation doses were higher, particularly for PCNL (4.36 mSv).
- Most procedures resulted in doses below statutory limits.
Conclusions:
- Endourologic surgeons receive measurable radiation doses during procedures.
- Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) poses the highest radiation risk.
- Surgeons should implement protective measures, especially during PCNL.
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