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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 28, 2026

Defining the Role Of Language in Infants' Object Categorization with Eye-tracking Paradigms

Defining the Role Of Language in Infants' Object Categorization with Eye-tracking Paradigms

Published on: February 8, 2019

Vision for action in toddlers: the posting task.

Sandra Y Street¹, Karin H James, Susan S Jones

¹Indiana University, USA. systreet@indiana.edu

Child Development

|October 19, 2011

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Toddlers aged 18-24 months show significant developmental changes in object spatial orientation for insertion tasks. By 24 months, children easily orient objects, unlike 18-month-olds who struggle.

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Area of Science:

Developmental Psychology
Neuroscience
Cognitive Science

Background:

The dorsal stream is crucial for visually guided actions, including object manipulation.
The posting task assesses spatial orientation abilities, commonly used to evaluate dorsal stream functioning.

Purpose of the Study:

To examine toddlers' ability to spatially orient objects for insertion into a slot.
To identify developmental changes in pre-orientation skills between 18 and 24 months of age.

Main Methods:

Three experiments were conducted with 78 toddlers aged 18-24 months.
A simplified posting task was used to assess object-to-slot spatial alignment.
Performance was compared between 18-month-olds and 24-month-olds, including hand orientation tasks.

Main Results:

Significant developmental improvements were observed in object pre-orientation for insertion.
18-month-olds demonstrated complete failure in orienting objects, while 24-month-olds succeeded easily.
A dissociation was found: 18-month-olds could orient their empty hands but not objects for insertion.

Conclusions:

The key developmental change involves the ability to align objects with external spaces, not just orienting body parts.
This suggests a shift towards goal-directed object-to-object alignment in toddler development.
Findings highlight critical advancements in dorsal stream functioning and action planning during toddlerhood.