Primary antiphospholipid syndrome: morphofunctional penile abnormalities with normal sperm analysis

Area of Science:

• Reproductive Endocrinology
• Urology
• Rheumatology

Background:

• Primary antiphospholipid syndrome (PAPS) is an autoimmune condition affecting multiple systems.
• Understanding the impact of PAPS on gonadal and sexual functions is crucial for comprehensive patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

• To conduct a thorough assessment of gonadal and sexual functions in male patients with PAPS.
• To identify potential correlations between PAPS, arterial thrombosis, and sexual health parameters.

Main Methods:

• A cross-sectional study involving 12 male PAPS patients and 20 healthy controls.
• Evaluations included urological examination, sexual function assessment, testicular ultrasound, seminal analysis (WHO criteria), antibody testing, and hormone profiling (FSH, LH, testosterone, thyroid hormones).

Main Results:

• PAPS patients showed a higher incidence of erectile dysfunction (25% vs. 0%).
• Significantly lower penile circumference was observed in PAPS patients with a history of arterial thrombosis and in those with erectile dysfunction.
• Seminal parameters, testicular volume, and hormone profiles were comparable between PAPS patients and controls; no cases of oligo/azoospermia were noted.

Conclusions:

• Male PAPS patients maintain normal testicular function despite potential penile morphofunctional abnormalities.
• History of arterial thrombosis may be associated with altered penile anthropometry in PAPS patients.