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Group G streptococcal meningitis and sepsis in a patient with AIDS. A method to biotype group G streptococcus
M C Raviglione1, P M Tierno, P Ottuso
1Department of Medicine, Cabrini Medical Center, New York, New York 10003.
Abstract:
Lancefield group G streptococcus is now recognized as a pathogen and has been reported to cause severe infections, including meningitis. We describe the first case of meningitis caused by this organism in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and the direct transmission of the pathogen to a technologist accidentally exposed to the cerebrospinal fluid. To prove the identity of the two strains, we have tested them employing the Vitek system. We have also tested 13 other strains of group G streptococci obtained from different sources. Our results yielded 14 different biotypes with the 15 strains tested. The only identical ones were the two suspect strains from the index case and the technologist. We conclude that the biotyping system employed in our study appears to be a useful epidemiological tool for marking group G streptococci.
Insights
Lancefield group G streptococcus can cause severe meningitis, particularly in AIDS patients. A biotyping system proved effective in tracing direct transmission from a patient to a technologist.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Lancefield group G streptococcus is an emerging pathogen causing severe infections.
- Meningitis is a serious complication associated with this bacterium.
- Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) increases susceptibility to severe infections.
Observation:
- A case of meningitis caused by Lancefield group G streptococcus in an AIDS patient is detailed.
- Direct transmission of the pathogen occurred from the patient's cerebrospinal fluid to a laboratory technologist.
- The Vitek system was used to identify and differentiate bacterial strains.
Findings:
- Fifteen strains of group G streptococci were biotyped using the Vitek system.
- Fourteen distinct biotypes were identified among the tested strains.
- The strains from the index case and the exposed technologist showed identical biotypes, confirming direct transmission.
Implications:
- The Vitek biotyping system is a valuable epidemiological tool for tracking group G streptococcus.
- This case highlights the potential for occupational exposure and transmission in healthcare settings.
- Understanding transmission routes is crucial for preventing severe infections in immunocompromised individuals.