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Related Concept Videos

Thin-Walled Hollow Shafts01:15

Thin-Walled Hollow Shafts

In analyzing a thin-walled hollow shaft subjected to torsional loading, a segment with width dx is isolated for examination. Despite its equilibrium state, this segment faces torsional shearing forces at its ends. These forces are quantitatively described by the product of the longitudinal shearing stress on the segment's minor surface and the area of this surface, leading to the concept of shear flow. This shear flow is consistent throughout the structure, indicating a uniform distribution of...
Shearing Stress01:18

Shearing Stress

Shearing stress, denoted by the Greek letter tau (τ), is stress caused by forces acting transversely on an object. These forces create internal ones within the entity in the plane where the external forces are applied. The resultant of these internal forces is the shear in the section.
The average shearing stress can be calculated by dividing the shear by the area of the cross-section.
Transformation of Plane Stress01:18

Transformation of Plane Stress

Studying stress transformation is essential in understanding how stress components within a material, like a cube under plane stress, change with rotation. This change is analyzed by considering a prismatic element within the cube. As the element rotates, the stress components acting on it—both normal and shearing stresses—change in magnitude and orientation. This change is quantified using trigonometric functions of the rotation angle, relating the forces acting on the rotated element's faces...
Shear and Bending Moment Diagram: Problem Solving01:24

Shear and Bending Moment Diagram: Problem Solving

When analyzing a beam supporting concentrated loads and a distributed load, drawing the shear and bending moment diagrams is essential. These diagrams help understand the internal forces and moments acting on the beam, which is crucial for designing safe and efficient structures. Follow these steps to create the shear and bending moment diagrams:
Draw a Free-Body Diagram: Start by drawing a free-body diagram of the entire beam, including the concentrated loads, distributed load, and reaction...

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Updated: May 28, 2026

Kinematic Analysis of Cell Division and Expansion: Quantifying the Cellular Basis of Growth and Sampling Developmental Zones in Zea mays Leaves
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Published on: December 2, 2016

[Dynamic simulation of wheat stem-sheath angle based on process].

Wen-yu Zhang1, Li-ang Tang, Xiang-cheng Zhu

  • 1Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Information Agriculture, National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China. Research@wwery.cn

Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao = the Journal of Applied Ecology
|October 20, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new model simulates wheat stem-sheath angle dynamics, showing it increases with leaf growth and decreases with higher plant density. This model accurately predicts growth, aiding wheat plant-type simulation.

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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Science
  • Plant Physiology
  • Computational Biology

Context:

  • Wheat (Triticum aestivum) plant architecture is influenced by genetic and environmental factors.
  • Understanding stem-sheath angle (SSA) dynamics is crucial for simulating wheat growth and yield.
  • Population density significantly impacts plant morphology and development.

Purpose:

  • To develop a process-based model for simulating the time-course changes in wheat main stem SSA.
  • To quantify the effects of leaf position and population density on SSA.
  • To provide a reliable tool for wheat plant-type simulation and visualization.

Summary:

  • Field experiments observed SSA changes in wheat cultivars under varied population densities.
  • A dynamic model using system analysis described SSA growth with Logistic equations.
  • The model incorporates cultivar-specific parameters (max SSA at leaf 2) and population density effects.

Impact:

  • The model accurately predicts wheat SSA growth dynamics with a low average RMSE of 1.7 degrees.
  • It offers a reliable module for simulating and visualizing wheat plant types.
  • Provides insights into genotype-environment interactions affecting plant architecture.