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Related Concept Videos

Measurement of Blood Pressure01:17

Measurement of Blood Pressure

Assessing blood pressure is a standard procedure executed in virtually all medical environments. The method utilized today was established over a hundred years ago by an innovative Russian doctor, Dr. Nikolai Korotkoff. The soft ticking noise, known as Korotkoff sounds, heard while taking blood pressure readings results from turbulent blood flow within the vessels. The apparatus required for this procedure includes a sphygmomanometer, a blood pressure cuff attached to a gauge, and a stethoscope.
Blood Pressure01:24

Blood Pressure

The movement of blood in a human body, commonly referred to as blood flow, is determined by the volume of blood that traverses a certain section of the bodily system per unit time. It is the rhythmic contraction of the heart's ventricles that primarily instigates this movement. As the ventricles contract, blood is forced into the prominent arteries, which then flow from areas of greater pressure to lower pressure areas. This movement continues into smaller arteries and arterioles and...
Blood Pressure01:30

Blood Pressure

Blood pressure (BP) is the pressure or force of blood exerted on the artery's walls as it circulates through the body. It is essential for maintaining blood flow throughout the body.
The average BP in an adult is typically around 120/80 mmHg (millimeters of mercury). In this measurement, the numerator (120) indicates the systolic pressure, which is the pressure in the arteries during the contraction of the heart's ventricles as blood is expelled. The denominator (80) represents the diastolic...
Pulse01:16

Pulse

When the heart pumps blood out, arterial elastic fibers play a crucial role in sustaining a high-pressure gradient. They expand to accommodate the received blood and then recoil - a process known as the pulse that can be either manually palpated or electronically quantified. Despite a reduction in its effect with increased distance from the heart, elements of the pulse's systolic and diastolic components persist, observable even at the arteriole level.
The pulse serves as a clinical indicator...
Sites for measuring blood pressure01:21

Sites for measuring blood pressure

Blood pressure measurement is a fundamental clinical procedure, providing crucial data for assessing cardiovascular health. Among the various sites for this measurement, the brachial and popliteal arteries are predominantly utilized due to their accessibility and the reliability of their readings. This lesson delves into the anatomical significance, methodology, and considerations of measuring blood pressure at these locations.
The Brachial Artery: Primary Site for Blood Pressure Measurement
Special considerations while measuring blood pressure01:28

Special considerations while measuring blood pressure

When assessing blood pressure (BP), healthcare professionals must consider various factors and potential unexpected outcomes to ensure accurate readings and provide proper patient care. Adhering to these guidelines is essential to achieving the most reliable results.
Monitoring Both Arms:
Monitoring BP in both arms during the initial assessment is advisable, as the systolic value may differ by five to ten mm Hg between arms. For subsequent BP assessments, use the arm with the higher reading.

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Evaluation of Right Ventricular Function in Experimental Models of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
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Pulse pressure amplification in relation to body fatness.

Andrzej Wykretowicz1, Agnieszka Rutkowska, Tomasz Krauze

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology-Intensive Therapy Department of General, Gastroenterological and Endocrinological Surgery, University School of Medicine, 49 Przybyszewskiego, Poznan, Poland. awykreto@ptkardio.pl

British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
|October 20, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Pulse pressure amplification (PPA), a cardiovascular risk indicator, is significantly linked to body fat percentage in healthy adults. This finding suggests body fat reduction could influence PPA and related cardiovascular risks.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Arterial Hemodynamics
  • Body Composition Analysis

Background:

  • Aortic-brachial pulse pressure amplification (PPA) reflects arterial elasticity and serves as an independent cardiovascular risk factor.
  • PPA is primarily influenced by age, height, and central/peripheral pressure waveform characteristics, including arterial stiffness and wave reflection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between body fatness and pulse pressure amplification (PPA) in healthy individuals.
  • To determine if body fat influences pulse pressure, a key component of arterial pressure transfer.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized pulse wave analysis to estimate hemodynamic and wave reflection indices.
  • Measured body fat percentage using bio-impedance analysis in 367 healthy volunteers.

Main Results:

  • Pulse pressure amplification (PPA) showed a significant inverse correlation with percentage body fat (r=-0.53, P < 0.0001).
  • This association remained significant in a multiple linear regression model and was observed across age groups (<50 and >50 years).
  • Augmentation pressure, a component of central pulse pressure, was also significantly associated with body fat percentage.

Conclusions:

  • Pulse pressure amplification (PPA) is significantly related to body fatness in healthy individuals across a broad age spectrum.
  • Body fat percentage is a significant determinant of augmentation pressure, impacting central pulse pressure characteristics.