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Related Concept Videos

Cirrhosis I: Introduction01:23

Cirrhosis I: Introduction

Cirrhosis is a chronic, irreversible liver disease characterized by the widespread replacement of healthy liver tissue with fibrotic scar tissue and the formation of regenerative nodules.Etiology of cirrhosisCirrhosis results from sustained liver injury that triggers progressive fibrosis and structural remodeling. The underlying causes are diverse, encompassing common and less frequent clinical conditions. Regardless of the origin, all causes lead to chronic inflammation, hepatocyte loss, and...
Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test01:22

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test

In clinical practice, the direct measurement of hepatic blood flow to evaluate liver function presents significant challenges due to the intricate and specialized nature of the necessary techniques. Consequently, healthcare professionals often rely on empirical estimates derived from thorough patient examinations and liver function tests to gauge liver health. Among the tools at their disposal, the Child–Pugh and MELD scoring systems stand out for their ability to categorize and assess the...
Diseases of the Liver and Gallbladder01:26

Diseases of the Liver and Gallbladder

Liver and gallbladder diseases are a significant health concern, with prominent conditions including cirrhosis, hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and gallstones. Jaundice is a common manifestation of liver and biliary disease.
Cirrhosis is characterized by the scarring of hepatic lobules in the liver, which are replaced by fibrous tissue, affecting the liver's normal functioning. NAFLD, on the other hand, is caused by an excessive build-up of fat in the liver, not related to...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
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Liver Histology01:27

Liver Histology

The microscopic anatomy of the liver is a complex and intricate system that comprises numerous structural units known as liver lobules, each of which is comparable in size to a sesame seed. These hexagonal structures consist of plates of liver cells or hepatocytes, which are characterized by their versatility and abundance of cellular apparatus like rough and smooth ER, Golgi apparatus, peroxisomes, and mitochondria.
Hepatocytes perform a variety of essential functions. They secrete...
Cirrhosis II: Pathophysiology01:24

Cirrhosis II: Pathophysiology

Cirrhosis is a progressive chronic liver injury caused by prolonged inflammation, excessive fibrotic remodeling, and impaired regeneration. Over time, repeated hepatic insults disrupt the liver’s architecture and function, leading to reduced blood flow, impaired bile drainage, and diminished metabolic capacity.Pathophysiology of cirrhosisCirrhosis arises from three main responses to chronic liver damage: inflammation, immune activation, and hepatocyte death. These processes lead to structural...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 28, 2026

Human Liver Spheroids from Peripheral Blood for Liver Disease Studies
09:51

Human Liver Spheroids from Peripheral Blood for Liver Disease Studies

Published on: January 27, 2023

Liver-test abnormalities in sarcoidosis.

Johanna Cremers1, Marjolein Drent, Ann Driessen

  • 1ILD care team, Department of Pathology, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC), Maastricht, The Netherlands.

European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology
|October 20, 2011
PubMed
Summary

In patients with sarcoidosis, 24% showed liver test abnormalities, with 15% indicating hepatic sarcoidosis. Moderate to severe abnormalities suggest advanced disease, recommending liver biopsy for management.

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Human Liver Spheroids from Peripheral Blood for Liver Disease Studies
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Bile Duct Ligation in Mice: Induction of Inflammatory Liver Injury and Fibrosis by Obstructive Cholestasis
08:56

Bile Duct Ligation in Mice: Induction of Inflammatory Liver Injury and Fibrosis by Obstructive Cholestasis

Published on: February 10, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Immunology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Sarcoidosis is a multisystemic inflammatory disease with unclear prevalence of liver involvement.
  • Hepatic sarcoidosis diagnosis can be challenging due to varied clinical presentations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence and severity of liver test abnormalities in sarcoidosis patients.
  • To investigate the correlation between liver test abnormalities and histopathological findings in hepatic sarcoidosis.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 837 sarcoidosis patients with defined liver test abnormalities.
  • Classification of liver test abnormalities severity: mild, moderate, and severe.
  • Examination of the relationship between liver test severity and liver histology, including granulomatous inflammation and fibrosis.

Main Results:

  • 24.4% of sarcoidosis patients (204/837) exhibited liver test abnormalities.
  • 15.2% (127/837) were suspected of hepatic sarcoidosis, with 21 confirmed via liver biopsy.
  • Severity of liver test abnormalities correlated significantly with granulomatous inflammation (ρ=0.58) and fibrosis (ρ=0.64) in hepatic sarcoidosis.

Conclusions:

  • Liver test abnormalities are common in sarcoidosis, often indicating hepatic involvement.
  • Moderate to severe liver test abnormalities are associated with more extensive liver disease.
  • Liver biopsy is recommended for sarcoidosis patients with moderate to severe liver test abnormalities to guide management.