Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 30, 2026
08:21
A Modified Two Kidney One Clip Mouse Model of Renin Regulation in Renal Artery Stenosis
Published on: October 26, 2020
5.8K
Plasma renin activity in fetal disease
Y Tannirandorn1, N M Fisk, V Shah
1Fetal Medicine Unit, Queen Charlotte's and Chelsea Hospital, London, U.K.
Journal of Perinatal Medicine
|January 1, 1990
Summary
Fetal plasma renin activity (PRA) was measured, revealing elevated levels in fetuses with hypoxemia, hydrops, and uropathies. This indicates the fetal renin-angiotensin system can respond to various physiological stimuli during development.
Area of Science:
- Perinatal medicine
- Fetal physiology
- Renal physiology
Background:
- The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays a crucial role in cardiovascular and renal homeostasis.
- Understanding fetal RAS function is vital for diagnosing and managing various fetal conditions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To measure fetal plasma renin activity (PRA) in human pregnancies.
- To investigate the fetal RAS response to conditions like hypoxemia, hydrops, and uropathies.
Main Methods:
- Fetal plasma renin activity (PRA) was measured in 42 pregnancies.
- PRA levels were compared between control fetuses and those with specific conditions.
Main Results:
- Elevated PRA was observed in three of four hypoxemic fetuses.
- Two of five fetuses with hydrops and two of five with uropathies showed increased PRA.
- PRA levels remained unchanged after transfusion in seven alloimmunized fetuses.
Conclusions:
- This study demonstrates measurable plasma renin activity in human fetuses.
- Findings suggest the fetal renin-angiotensin system is responsive to various physiological stimuli in utero.
Related Concept Videos
01:33Hormonal Regulation
37.0K
The renin-aldosterone system is an endocrine system which guides the renal absorption of water and electrolytes, thus managing blood pressure and osmoregulation. Activation of the system begins in the kidneys with a small cluster of cells adjacent to the afferent and efferent blood vessels of the renal corpuscle. As the nephrons are filtering blood, juxtaglomerular cells monitor blood pressure. If they detect a decrease in pressure, they release the hormone renin into the bloodstream.
37.0K
01:26Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System
1.4K
The activation of the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) contributes to cardiac remodeling, and inhibiting the RAAS is a pharmacological target in heart failure management. As a result, neurohumoral modulation is a crucial treatment principle for managing heart failure. This approach involves using medications like ACE inhibitors (ACEIs), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), β-blockers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs), and neutral...
1.4K
01:25Antihypertensive Drugs: Direct Renin Inhibitors
1.8K
The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is an intricate physiological pathway involving numerous enzymes and hormones, including renin, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), angiotensin I and II, and aldosterone. Imbalances within this system increase the production of angiotensin II and aldosterone. Increased angiotensin II levels promote vasoconstriction and blood pressure elevation. Concurrently, higher aldosterone levels stimulate sodium and water reabsorption in the kidneys,...
1.8K
01:11Renal Failure: Dose Adjustments
580
In patients with renal impairment, drugs undergo significant changes in their pharmacokinetics, which require dosage adjustments to ensure safe and effective therapy.
Reduced renal clearance and elimination rate are common outcomes of renal impairment. These alterations lead to a prolonged elimination half-life and an altered apparent volume of distribution for drugs. As a result, dosage adjustments are typically necessary to maintain optimal drug levels in the body.
However, dosage adjustments...
Reduced renal clearance and elimination rate are common outcomes of renal impairment. These alterations lead to a prolonged elimination half-life and an altered apparent volume of distribution for drugs. As a result, dosage adjustments are typically necessary to maintain optimal drug levels in the body.
However, dosage adjustments...
580
01:30Antihypertensive Drugs: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors
2.8K
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), a vital component of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, is abundant in lung endothelial cells. ACE converts the inactive decapeptide, angiotensin I, into the active octapeptide, angiotensin II. This potent vasoconstrictor narrows blood vessels, increasing resistance to blood flow and elevating blood pressure. Angiotensin II also stimulates aldosterone production, encouraging kidney cells to reabsorb more sodium and water from urine, thereby increasing...
2.8K
01:28Glomerular Filtration Rate and its Regulation
6.4K
The Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) is a measure of kidney function, reflecting the volume of filtrate formed per minute in the kidneys. On average, GFR is approximately 125 mL/min in males and 105 mL/min in females. Maintaining a relatively constant GFR is essential for the kidneys to effectively regulate body fluid homeostasis and maintain extracellular stability.
GFR regulation involves two primary intrinsic controls: the myogenic and tubuloglomerular feedback mechanisms.
The myogenic...
GFR regulation involves two primary intrinsic controls: the myogenic and tubuloglomerular feedback mechanisms.
The myogenic...
6.4K