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Related Concept Videos

Development of the Oral Microbiota01:28

Development of the Oral Microbiota

The establishment of the oral microbiome begins before birth, challenging the long-held belief that the fetal oral cavity is sterile. The presence of oral microbes such as Streptococcus and Fusobacterium in amniotic fluid suggests that microbial exposure may occur in utero, potentially through translocation from the maternal oral or gastrointestinal tract. This early colonization primes the neonatal immune system and sets the stage for subsequent microbial succession. Maternal health,...
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Development of Human Microbiota

The human microbiota begins developing at birth and undergoes continual change as we age. Infancy marks a critical period of microbial sensitivity, offering a “window of opportunity” during which beneficial microbes help mature the immune system. By age three, children typically develop a more stable and diverse microbial community. Newborns acquire microbes from their immediate environment; vaginal delivery favors maternal vaginal microbes, while cesarean births favor microbes from the skin...
Staphylococcal Skin Infections01:29

Staphylococcal Skin Infections

Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive coccus that resides harmlessly on the skin and mucous membranes of healthy individuals. When the skin barrier is breached, it can shift from a commensal to an opportunistic pathogen. This transition is facilitated by surface adhesins, such as clumping factor B and S. aureus surface protein G (SasG), which bind to structural proteins, including loricrin and cytokeratin, in the damaged epidermis. Protein A, another key factor, binds the Fc region of...
Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract01:28

Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract

The human urogenital system, once thought to be sterile in healthy individuals, is now recognized as a complex microbial habitat. Advancements in molecular sequencing techniques have revealed that even in healthy adults, the kidneys and bladder harbor microbial populations similar to those found in the distal urethra, albeit in much lower abundance. These resident microorganisms, while generally innocuous, can become opportunistic pathogens under conditions that alter the urogenital...
Clinical Significance of Antibiotic Resistance01:25

Clinical Significance of Antibiotic Resistance

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) presents a critical public health threat, arising from its capacity to resist β-lactam antibiotics due to acquisition of the mecA gene within the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec). This gene encodes penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a), which impairs binding efficacy of methicillin and other β-lactams. MRSA has evolved into distinct clonal lineages impacting humans and animals alike, reinforcing its significance within the One...
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Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 28, 2026

A Murine Model of Group B Streptococcus Vaginal Colonization
10:19

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Published on: November 16, 2016

Maternal-neonatal outcome with Staphylococcus aureus rectovaginal colonization.

Nibal Ghanim1, Omrou Alchyib, Donald Morrish

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lutheran Medical Center, 150 55th Street, Brooklyn, NY 11220, USA.

The Journal of Reproductive Medicine
|October 21, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) colonization in pregnant women was found to be 1.0%, lower than other centers. This colonization did not increase maternal or infant health risks up to six months postpartum.

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Neonatal Health

Background:

  • Rectovaginal colonization by Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) during pregnancy is a concern.
  • Group B Streptococcus (GBS) screening is standard for pregnant individuals.
  • Understanding co-colonization of GBS and S. aureus is important for maternal and infant outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of S. aureus rectovaginal colonization in pregnant women undergoing GBS screening.
  • To investigate the association between S. aureus colonization and maternal and infant outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective collection of rectovaginal cultures from pregnant women at >= 35 weeks gestation.
  • Identification of both Group B Streptococcus (GBS) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) isolates.
  • Review of medical records to assess maternal and neonatal infection and outcomes up to 6 months postpartum.

Main Results:

  • Prevalence of S. aureus colonization was 1.0% (67/6626), lower than previously reported.
  • No maternal S. aureus-related complications were observed.
  • GBS-positive individuals were more likely to be colonized with methicillin-susceptible S. aureus.

Conclusions:

  • S. aureus colonization prevalence in this cohort was lower than in other reported populations.
  • Co-colonization with S. aureus did not appear to increase maternal or infant morbidity or mortality within the first six months postpartum.