Endothelin in experimental congestive heart failure in the anesthetized dog

Studies were performed in anesthetized dogs to determine plasma endothelin (ET) concentrations in the presence and absence of experimental congestive heart failure (CHF) produced by rapid ventricular pacing for 8 days. These studies were also designed to determine the effect of exogenous low-dose ET upon integrated cardiorenal and endocrine function in the presence and absence of CHF. In these studies, plasma ET was significantly elevated in CHF (3.25 +/- 0.39 pg/ml) compared with normal (1.03 +/- 0.21 pg/ml) or sham-operated (1.08 +/- 0.27 pg/ml) groups. Compared with the control group, which was characterized by a significant cardiorenal vasoconstrictor response to low-dose ET, a significant attenuation of the vasoconstrictor and antinatriuretic actions of ET was observed in the CHF group. Despite these differential responses, exogenous ET suppressed plasma renin activity (PRA) and activated aldosterone in both control and CHF groups. Thus these studies demonstrate for the first time that experimental CHF is characterized by elevated plasma ET in association with an attenuated cardiorenal response to exogenous ET. In contrast, low-dose ET inhibited PRC and activated aldosterone in the presence and absence of experimental CHF.