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Viral Mutations00:36

Viral Mutations

A mutation is a change in the sequence of bases of DNA or RNA in a genome. Some mutations occur during replication of the genome due to errors made by the polymerase enzymes that replicate DNA or RNA. Unlike DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase is prone to errors because it is not capable of “proofreading” its work. Viruses with RNA-based genomes, like HIV, therefore accrue mutations faster than viruses with DNA-based genomes. Because mutation and recombination provide the raw material for adaptive...
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Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes: A Functional Genomics Tool for the Study of Positive-strand RNA Viruses
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Molecular evolution of the insect-specific flaviviruses.

Shelley Cook1, Gregory Moureau2, Andrew Kitchen3

  • 1Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK.

The Journal of General Virology
|October 21, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Insect-specific flaviviruses show no evidence of co-divergence with mosquitoes, suggesting frequent host switching. This finding impacts our understanding of flavivirus evolution and vectoring.

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Arbovirus Infections As Screening Tools for the Identification of Viral Immunomodulators and Host Antiviral Factors

Published on: September 13, 2018

Area of Science:

  • * Virology
  • * Evolutionary Biology
  • * Entomology

Background:

  • * Increasing discovery of insect-specific flaviviruses in mosquito populations.
  • * Need for comprehensive analysis of available flavivirus sequences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * Review and phylogenetically analyze insect-specific flavivirus sequences.
  • * Investigate co-divergence patterns between viruses and mosquitoes.
  • * Explore implications for flavivirus evolution and vectoring.

Main Methods:

  • * Comprehensive review of existing insect-specific flavivirus sequences.
  • * Phylogenetic analyses of insect-specific flaviviruses and the genus Flavivirus.
  • * Examination of potential recombination events.

Main Results:

  • * No statistical support for virus-mosquito co-divergence found.
  • * Evidence suggests multiple introductions and frequent host switching of insect-specific flaviviruses.
  • * Preliminary evidence for recombination in cell fusing agent virus.

Conclusions:

  • * Insect-specific flaviviruses likely evolve through host switching, not strict co-divergence.
  • * Findings inform the understanding of vectoring evolution within Flaviviridae.
  • * Future research should prioritize biodiversity studies for flavivirus emergence insights.