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Related Concept Videos

Spinal Cord Injury ll: Pathophysiology01:14

Spinal Cord Injury ll: Pathophysiology

Spinal cord injury progresses through two interconnected phases: primary injury and secondary injury.Primary InjuryPrimary injury happens at the moment of trauma and involves immediate mechanical damage to the spinal cord.Compression happens when broken vertebrae, herniated discs, or accumulating blood (such as a hematoma) press directly against the spinal cord, distorting its normal shape and function. In cases of contusion, the cord is bruised by a blunt force (like penetrating injuries or...
Secondary Spinal Cord Injury llI: Pathophysiology01:25

Secondary Spinal Cord Injury llI: Pathophysiology

Early Ischemia and Ionic ImbalanceWithin minutes of spinal cord injury, a secondary cascade begins, progressing over hours to weeks. Vascular damage reduces blood flow, causing ischemia and mitochondrial dysfunction. ATP depletion leads to ion pump failure, membrane depolarization, sodium influx, potassium efflux, and water accumulation, resulting in cellular swelling. Increased intracellular calcium further disrupts mitochondria and accelerates cellular injury.Excitotoxicity and Neuronal...
Assessment of Diffusion and Perfusion01:17

Assessment of Diffusion and Perfusion

Understanding and evaluating diffusion and perfusion is critical in assessing a patient's respiratory and circulatory health. These processes play key roles in maintaining the body's internal environment, ensuring that tissues receive adequate oxygen while waste products are efficiently removed.
The Role of Diffusion in Respiration
Diffusion is the process by which molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. In the respiratory system, this principle...
Spinal Cord: Cross-sectional Anatomy01:16

Spinal Cord: Cross-sectional Anatomy

The cross-sectional anatomy of the spinal cord offers a detailed view of its complex structure and function within the central nervous system. At the core of the spinal cord lies the gray matter, characterized by its butterfly or "H"-shaped appearance in cross-section. This central region is enveloped by white matter, with the overall structure divided into symmetrical halves by the dorsal median sulcus and the ventral median fissure.
Gray Matter and its Components
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 28, 2026

Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Chronic Spinal Cord Compression
07:00

Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Chronic Spinal Cord Compression

Published on: May 7, 2019

Diffusion tensor imaging in spinal cord injury.

Ravindra B Kamble1, Neelam K Venkataramana, Arun L Naik

  • 1Department of Radiology and Neurosciences, BGS Global Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.

The Indian Journal of Radiology & Imaging
|October 21, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Spinal tractography using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is feasible for assessing spinal cord injury. Fractional anisotropy (FA) values were significantly lower in patients, indicating injury and potential for monitoring recovery.

Keywords:
Fractional anisotropyMRIspinal cord injurytensor imaging

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Last Updated: May 28, 2026

Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Chronic Spinal Cord Compression
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10:33

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Published on: August 14, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Spinal Cord Injury Research
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Spinal cord injury (SCI) poses significant challenges in diagnosis and monitoring.
  • Assessing the extent of axonal damage is crucial for patient management and therapeutic development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the feasibility of spinal tractography in SCI patients compared to controls.
  • To compare fractional anisotropy (FA) values between SCI patients and healthy individuals.

Main Methods:

  • Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was conducted on 29 participants (18 SCI patients, 11 controls).
  • DTI targeted specific spinal cord regions based on injury location.
  • Fractional anisotropy (FA) was calculated and statistically compared between groups.

Main Results:

  • Mean FA values were significantly lower in SCI patients (0.367±0.14) compared to controls (0.550±0.09) (P=0.001).
  • This demonstrates a clear difference in white matter integrity between the groups.

Conclusions:

  • Spinal tractography is a viable technique for evaluating SCI severity via FA.
  • Reduced FA suggests Wallerian degeneration, offering a potential biomarker for injury.
  • This method may aid in tracking recovery after interventions like stem cell therapy.