Neonatal systemic candidiasis diagnosed by ultrasound

Area of Science:

• Neonatal Medicine
• Medical Imaging
• Infectious Diseases

Background:

• Systemic candidiasis diagnosis in neonates is often delayed due to non-specific symptoms.
• Positive Candida cultures in high-risk infants can be difficult to interpret.
• Early detection and treatment are crucial for reducing mortality in neonatal candidiasis.

Observation:

• Ultrasound examination of the brain and kidneys can reveal abnormalities associated with systemic candidiasis.
• Two cases are presented where ultrasound findings initially suggested candidiasis.
• A review of renal and cranial ultrasound abnormalities in neonatal candidiasis is provided.

Findings:

• Ultrasound can serve as an important tool for raising the suspicion of systemic candidiasis in neonates.
• Specific ultrasound findings can guide further diagnostic workup and management decisions.
• The study highlights the utility of ultrasound in cases with uncertain culture results.

Implications:

• Implementing routine cranial and renal ultrasound in high-risk neonates may facilitate earlier diagnosis of candidiasis.
• Earlier diagnosis and treatment initiation through ultrasound can potentially reduce mortality rates.
• Ultrasound can help clarify the clinical significance of positive Candida cultures in critically ill infants.