[Environmental impact on the neonate]

Advances in neonatology have made possible to increase the survival of preterm and/or serious diseases, but many of them suffer some consequences that can affect their behavior and development. Similarly a better understanding of central nervous system (CNS), has led to associate the negative effects that certain stimuli received from the environment can have on their development loss. All these data raise some changes to managed care to manage care of the newborn during their stay in neonatal units, and there is a new concept of care focused on development (CCD). And the creation of a new concept: caring focused on development. The CCD include a wide array of interventions that aim to minimize environmental stress is during the stay in the neonatal unit, facilitating its the adaptation to new environment. These interventions include several elements: the control of external stimuli (vestibular auditory visual and tactile), clustering of care activities, positioning and participation / integration of the family in care. Clinical practice shows that reducing or acting on certain environmental stimuli such as noise, light, smells, manipulation, pain and position, may reduce neurological sequel in premature infants, helping to better organization of their CNS through the reduction of stress behaviors.