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Detection of Abnormal Prion Protein by Immunohistochemistry

Detection of Abnormal Prion Protein by Immunohistochemistry

Published on: May 5, 2023

PrPSc detection in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue by ELISA.

Eric M Nicholson¹, Justin J Greenlee, Amir N Hamir

¹Virus and Prion Research Unit, 1920 Dayton Ave,, National Animal Disease Center, USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Ames, Iowa 50010, USA. eric.nicholson@ars.usda.gov.

BMC Research Notes

|October 25, 2011

Summary

This study presents a rapid, high-throughput screening method for transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE) using formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues. This approach complements immunohistochemistry (IHC) when fresh tissues are unavailable.

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Published on: January 22, 2013

Area of Science:

Veterinary Pathology
Neuropathology
Biosecurity

Background:

Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues are standard for diagnosing transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) via immunohistochemistry (IHC).
Current IHC methods are not high-throughput, limiting rapid screening despite formalin preservation's independence from refrigeration.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a rapid, high-throughput screening method for TSE detection in FFPE tissues.
To offer an alternative diagnostic approach when fresh or frozen tissues are impractical.

Main Methods:

Utilized 5 μm thick FFPE tissue sections from TSE transmission studies (scrapie, CWD, TME).
Evaluated the sensitivity of the method for discriminating positive from negative samples.

Main Results:

Detection of TSEs is feasible using minimal tissue amounts (equivalent to one 5 μm section).
The method allows for ready discrimination between positive and negative samples.

Conclusions:

This screening approach is not a replacement for IHC but a valuable adjunct.
It enhances diagnostic capabilities for TSEs, especially when FFPE tissues are the only option available.