Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Skeletal Muscle Relaxants: Therapeutic Uses01:31

Skeletal Muscle Relaxants: Therapeutic Uses

Skeletal muscle relaxants are used to relax muscle tone and alleviate painful muscle contractions. However, the choice of skeletal muscle relaxants depends on the duration of the surgical procedure in order to minimize potential side effects. Skeletal muscle relaxants like neuromuscular blocking agents [NMBAs] are commonly employed as adjuvants alongside general anesthetics in clinical settings. NMBAs are also used to maintain controlled ventilation during surgery of the larynx or pharynx as...
Alterations in Muscle Tone ll01:12

Alterations in Muscle Tone ll

Alterations in muscle tone are common manifestations of neurological disorders and reflect dysfunction within different nervous system regions. Spasticity, paratonia, and dystonia represent distinct forms of hypertonia, each with unique mechanisms, clinical features, and diagnostic importance.CharacteristicsSpasticity happens from upper motor neuron lesions and is characterized by velocity-dependent resistance to passive movement. Clinical features include:Exaggerated deep tendon reflexesClonus...
Directly Acting Muscle Relaxants: Dantrolene and Botulinum Toxin01:26

Directly Acting Muscle Relaxants: Dantrolene and Botulinum Toxin

Directly acting muscle relaxants like dantrolene and botulinum toxin (BoNT) have distinct mechanisms and applications. Dantrolene, a hydantoin derivative, acts on the ryanodine receptor (RYR1) in skeletal muscle cells. RYR1 are calcium channels present at the sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane. In response to excitation, they release calcium ions from the sarcoplasmic reticulum to the cytosol. Calcium promotes actin-myosin-mediated contraction of muscles.
The binding of dantrolene to the RYR1...
Muscles that Move the Head01:19

Muscles that Move the Head

The muscles that move the head are a dynamic and complex group of structures that work together to facilitate a wide range of head movements, including rotation, flexion, extension, and lateral bending.
The bilateral sternocleidomastoid, or SCM, and the suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscles are significant head flexors. The SCM muscles originate at the sternum and clavicle and attach to the mastoid process of the temporal bone. The SCM contracts bilaterally to bend the head forward, whereas...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Theta band activity during event-file retrieval is influenced by stimulus salience in the preceding action episode.

Cortex; a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behavior·2026
Same author

Bioenergetic dysregulation in the basal ganglia and cerebellum of patients with premanifest and manifest Huntington's disease.

Neurobiology of disease·2026
Same author

Altered neurodevelopmental trajectories of brain structure in Tourette syndrome and Chronic Tic Disorders.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2026
Same author

Distinct Brain Drivers and Shared Cerebello-Cortical Input in ADCY5 and SGCE Hyperkinetic Movements.

Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society·2026
Same author

Metabolic and Volumetric Alterations in the Basal Ganglia and the Cerebellum in Dopa-Responsive Dystonia in Symptomatic and Asymptomatic GCH1 Mutation Carriers.

Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society·2026
Same author

[The unmet need for psychiatric and psychotherapeutic care for refugees - A local pilot survey in Lübeck].

Psychiatrische Praxis·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 28, 2026

Endolymphatic Duct Blockage as a Surgical Treatment Option for Ménière's Disease
04:11

Endolymphatic Duct Blockage as a Surgical Treatment Option for Ménière's Disease

Published on: April 28, 2023

Cervical dystonia after ear surgery.

Judith van Gaalen, Ronald J E Pennings, Andy J Beynon

    Parkinsonism & Related Disorders
    |October 25, 2011
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    A patient developed cervical dystonia after ear surgery causing vestibular hypofunction. This case supports the double-lesion model, linking genetic predisposition and environmental triggers to dystonia development.

    More Related Videos

    Measurement & Analysis of the Temporal Discrimination Threshold Applied to Cervical Dystonia
    10:05

    Measurement & Analysis of the Temporal Discrimination Threshold Applied to Cervical Dystonia

    Published on: January 27, 2018

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: May 28, 2026

    Endolymphatic Duct Blockage as a Surgical Treatment Option for Ménière's Disease
    04:11

    Endolymphatic Duct Blockage as a Surgical Treatment Option for Ménière's Disease

    Published on: April 28, 2023

    Measurement & Analysis of the Temporal Discrimination Threshold Applied to Cervical Dystonia
    10:05

    Measurement & Analysis of the Temporal Discrimination Threshold Applied to Cervical Dystonia

    Published on: January 27, 2018

    Area of Science:

    • Neurology
    • Otolaryngology
    • Genetics

    Background:

    • Primary focal dystonia pathophysiology is unclear, potentially involving a 'double-lesion' model.
    • This model suggests genetic susceptibility combined with specific triggers can induce dystonia.

    Observation:

    • A patient developed cervical dystonia following revision stapedectomy.
    • The ear surgery resulted in vestibular hypofunction.

    Findings:

    • The case presents a potential link between vestibular system lesions and cervical dystonia.
    • This observation aligns with the 'double-lesion' hypothesis for dystonia.

    Implications:

    • Further research into the connection between vestibular dysfunction and dystonia is warranted.
    • Understanding triggers like surgical procedures may aid in preventing or managing dystonia.