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Related Concept Videos

Hedgehog Signaling Pathway02:33

Hedgehog Signaling Pathway

The Hedgehog gene (Hh) was first discovered due to its control of the growth of disorganized, hair-like bristles phenotype in Drosophila, much like hedgehog spines. Hh plays a crucial role in the development of organs and the maintenance of homeostasis in both invertebrates and vertebrates. However, while Drosophila has only one Hh protein, mammals have multiple functional Hedgehog proteins - Sonic (Shh), Desert (Dhh), and Indian Hedgehog (Ihh). All of these homologous proteins have adapted to...
Hedgehog Signaling Pathway02:33

Hedgehog Signaling Pathway

The Hedgehog gene (Hh) was first discovered due to its control of the growth of disorganized, hair-like bristles phenotype in Drosophila, much like hedgehog spines. Hh plays a crucial role in the development of organs and the maintenance of homeostasis in both invertebrates and vertebrates. However, while Drosophila has only one Hh protein, mammals have multiple functional Hedgehog proteins - Sonic (Shh), Desert (Dhh), and Indian Hedgehog (Ihh). All of these homologous proteins have adapted to...
Hormones of the Adrenal Glands01:31

Hormones of the Adrenal Glands

Adrenal hormones play a pivotal role in maintaining the body's electrolyte balance and orchestrating responses to stress, showcasing the intricate functions of the adrenal cortex and medulla.
The adrenal cortex, a powerhouse of hormone synthesis, generates over two dozen corticosteroid hormones. The zona glomerulosa produces mineralocorticoids, exemplified by aldosterone, influencing the electrolyte composition of body fluids. The synthesis of glucocorticoids such as cortisol and corticosterone...
Sympathetic Pathways: Collateral Ganglia and Adrenal Medulla01:27

Sympathetic Pathways: Collateral Ganglia and Adrenal Medulla

The sympathetic pathways of the collateral ganglia and adrenal medulla serve unique but interconnected roles in the sympathetic response.
Collateral Ganglia
Sympathetic preganglionic axons reach the collateral ganglia along the route of splanchnic nerves. These nerves bypass the sympathetic trunk and communicate with sympathetic postganglionic neurons housed in the prevertebral ganglia. These ganglia supply the organs of the abdominopelvic cavity.
The greater splanchnic nerve, formed by the...
Hypothalamic-Pituitary Axis01:37

Hypothalamic-Pituitary Axis

The response to stress—be it physical or psychological, acute or chronic—involves activation of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis. The HPA axis is part of the neuroendocrine system because it involves both neuronal and hormonal communication. Its function is to regulate homeostatic systems—metabolic, cardiovascular, and immune—providing the necessary means to respond to a stressor.
Endocrine Signaling01:45

Endocrine Signaling

Endocrine cells produce hormones to communicate with remote target cells found in other organs. The hormone reaches these distant areas using the circulatory system. This exposes the whole organism to the hormone but only those cells expressing hormone receptors or target cells are affected. Thus, endocrine signaling induces slow responses from its target cells but these effects also last longer.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 28, 2026

Quantitative PCR-based Assay to Measure Sonic Hedgehog Signaling in Cellular Model of Ciliogenesis
07:26

Quantitative PCR-based Assay to Measure Sonic Hedgehog Signaling in Cellular Model of Ciliogenesis

Published on: January 31, 2025

Sonic hedgehog signaling during adrenal development.

Ed Laufer1, Dörthe Kesper, Andrea Vortkamp

  • 1Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA. elaufer@columbia.edu

Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology
|October 25, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling is crucial for adrenal development, promoting growth of the adrenal cortex and capsule. Shh pathway activation in mouse models reveals its role in maintaining adrenocortical stem and progenitor cells.

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Isolation, Fixation, and Immunofluorescence Imaging of Mouse Adrenal Glands
08:37

Isolation, Fixation, and Immunofluorescence Imaging of Mouse Adrenal Glands

Published on: October 2, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 28, 2026

Quantitative PCR-based Assay to Measure Sonic Hedgehog Signaling in Cellular Model of Ciliogenesis
07:26

Quantitative PCR-based Assay to Measure Sonic Hedgehog Signaling in Cellular Model of Ciliogenesis

Published on: January 31, 2025

Isolation, Fixation, and Immunofluorescence Imaging of Mouse Adrenal Glands
08:37

Isolation, Fixation, and Immunofluorescence Imaging of Mouse Adrenal Glands

Published on: October 2, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling has long been suspected to influence adrenal gland development.
  • Recent studies have focused on Shh pathway gene expression and function in the adrenal cortex, primarily using mouse models.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the role of Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling in adrenal development.
  • To define the contribution of Shh signaling to adrenocortical cell lineages and stem/progenitor cell populations.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized mouse models to study Shh pathway gene expression and function in the adrenal cortex.
  • Employed molecular genetic tools to trace cell lineages descended from Shh signaling and receiving cells.

Main Results:

  • Shh signals from partially differentiated cortical cells are received by capsular mesenchymal cells.
  • Shh signaling is essential for adrenal capsule and cortex growth, but not for zonation or steroidogenic differentiation.
  • Both capsular and cortical cells influenced by Shh exhibit properties of adrenocortical stem/progenitor cells.

Conclusions:

  • Shh signaling is a key regulator of adrenal gland growth and maintenance.
  • The Shh pathway plays a significant role in the biology of adrenocortical stem and progenitor cells.
  • These findings integrate recent observations into the broader context of adrenal development and stem cell biology.