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Renal pathology in owl monkeys in Plasmodium falciparum vaccine trials
M Iseki1, J R Broderson, K G Pirl
1Institute of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.
Abstract:
Renal specimens of 16 owl monkeys (Aotus vociferans) were studied by light microscopy and immunohistochemistry during a vaccine trial with recombinant proteins of the ring-infected erythrocyte surface antigen (RESA) of Plasmodium falciparum. Deposition of IgG, C3, and P. falciparum antigens in the mesangium was demonstrated by the peroxidase anti-peroxidase (PAP) method. A relationship between the severity of parasitemia at the time of death and the presence of nephropathy was not apparent.
Insights
This study examined owl monkey kidneys during a Plasmodium falciparum vaccine trial. Researchers found no clear link between parasite levels and kidney disease in the vaccinated monkeys.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Pathology
- Parasitology
Background:
- The ring-infected erythrocyte surface antigen (RESA) of Plasmodium falciparum is a target for malaria vaccines.
- Owl monkeys (Aotus vociferans) are a relevant model for studying malaria.
- Vaccine trials require evaluation of potential side effects, including organ pathology.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate renal pathology in owl monkeys vaccinated with recombinant Plasmodium falciparum RESA proteins.
- To determine if vaccination or Plasmodium falciparum infection correlates with kidney disease.
- To assess the deposition of immune components and parasite antigens in renal tissues.
Main Methods:
- Light microscopy and immunohistochemistry were used to examine renal specimens from 16 owl monkeys.
- The peroxidase anti-peroxidase (PAP) method was employed to detect IgG, C3, and P. falciparum antigens.
- Parasitemia levels at the time of death were recorded.
Main Results:
- Deposition of IgG, C3, and P. falciparum antigens was observed in the mesangium of the kidneys.
- Immunohistochemistry confirmed the presence of Plasmodium falciparum antigens in renal tissues.
- No apparent relationship was found between the severity of parasitemia and the presence of nephropathy.
Conclusions:
- Vaccination with recombinant RESA proteins did not lead to apparent nephropathy in this owl monkey model.
- The study demonstrates immune complex deposition in the kidneys, suggesting an immune response.
- Further research is needed to fully elucidate the long-term renal effects of malaria vaccines.