Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Transmission of Pathogens

Transmission of Pathogens

Pathogens spread from their reservoirs to susceptible hosts through three main routes: contact transmission, vehicle transmission, and vector transmission. Each route involves distinct mechanisms of transfer.Contact TransmissionThis category includes direct contact, indirect contact, and droplet transmission:Direct contact involves immediate physical interaction between individuals—such as a handshake—which can spread pathogens like Streptococcus pyogenes, the bacterium responsible for...

Population Growth

Population Growth

Population size is dynamic, increasing with birth rates and immigration, and decreasing with death rates and emigration. In ideal conditions with unlimited resources, populations can increase exponentially, which plots as a J-shaped growth rate curve of population size against time. This type of curve is characteristic of newly-introduced invasive species, or populations that have suffered catastrophic declines and are rebounding.

What is Population Genetics?

What is Population Genetics?

A population is composed of members of the same species that simultaneously live and interact in the same area. When individuals in a population breed, they pass down their genes to their offspring. Many of these genes are polymorphic, meaning that they occur in multiple variants. Such variations of a gene are referred to as alleles. The collective set of all the alleles within a population is known as the gene pool.

Infectious Diseases and Their Occurrence

Infectious Diseases and Their Occurrence

Infectious diseases appear in populations through various transmission patterns, influenced by pathogen characteristics, population immunity, environmental conditions, and social behavior. Understanding these patterns is essential for effective public health surveillance and intervention. These categories—sporadic, outbreak, epidemic, pandemic, and endemic—help frame the nature and scope of disease events.Sporadic diseases occur irregularly and infrequently, without a predictable temporal or...

Transmission-based Precautions I: Contact, Enteric, and Droplets

Transmission-based Precautions I: Contact, Enteric, and Droplets

Transmission-based precautions are for patients known to be infected or suspected to be infected or colonized with organisms that pose a significant risk to others. Some transmission-based precautions include contact, enteric, and droplet.
Contact Precautions:
Contact precautions are the measures taken to prevent the transmission of infectious agents, especially epidemiologically important microorganisms such as MRSA or influenza, primarily transmitted through direct or indirect contact with an...

Principles of Disease Surveillance

Principles of Disease Surveillance

Disease surveillance is the systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health data essential to the planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health practice. This process integrates data dissemination to entities responsible for preventing and controlling disease, injury, and disability. Surveillance systems provide crucial information for action, helping public health authorities make informed decisions to manage and prevent outbreaks, ensure public safety, optimize...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Publisher Correction: Facial expressions in mice reveal latent cognitive variables and their neural correlates.

Nature neuroscience·2026

Same author

Facial expressions in mice reveal latent cognitive variables and their neural correlates.

Nature neuroscience·2025

Same author

Correction: Unified pre- and postsynaptic long-term plasticity enables reliable and flexible learning.

eLife·2025

Same author

Biases in neural population codes with a few active neurons.

PLoS computational biology·2025

Same author

Competitive plasticity to reduce the energetic costs of learning.

PLoS computational biology·2024

Same author

Reinforcement learning when your life depends on it: A neuro-economic theory of learning.

PLoS computational biology·2024

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 28, 2026

Genetic Barcoding with Fluorescent Proteins for Multiplexed Applications

Genetic Barcoding with Fluorescent Proteins for Multiplexed Applications

Published on: April 14, 2015

Transmission of population-coded information.

Alfonso Renart¹, Mark C W van Rossum

¹Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102, USA. arenart@neuro.fchampalimaud.org

Neural Computation

|October 26, 2011

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Neuronal noise limits brain function. This study reveals how optimal neural network connectivity, featuring a center-surround structure, minimizes information loss, enhancing neural population code efficiency.

More Related Videos

Droplet Barcoding-Based Single Cell Transcriptomics of Adult Mammalian Tissues

Droplet Barcoding-Based Single Cell Transcriptomics of Adult Mammalian Tissues

Published on: January 10, 2019

Genotypic Inference of HIV-1 Tropism Using Population-based Sequencing of V3

Genotypic Inference of HIV-1 Tropism Using Population-based Sequencing of V3

Published on: December 27, 2010

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 28, 2026

Genetic Barcoding with Fluorescent Proteins for Multiplexed Applications

Genetic Barcoding with Fluorescent Proteins for Multiplexed Applications

Published on: April 14, 2015

Droplet Barcoding-Based Single Cell Transcriptomics of Adult Mammalian Tissues

Droplet Barcoding-Based Single Cell Transcriptomics of Adult Mammalian Tissues

Published on: January 10, 2019

Genotypic Inference of HIV-1 Tropism Using Population-based Sequencing of V3

Genotypic Inference of HIV-1 Tropism Using Population-based Sequencing of V3

Published on: December 27, 2010

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Computational Neuroscience
Information Theory

Background:

Neuronal noise is an inherent challenge in the nervous system, degrading information transmission.
Understanding how to prevent information loss in neural population codes is crucial for optimal brain function.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate how information loss in layered neural networks can be minimized.
To determine the optimal connectivity patterns for neural population codes.

Main Methods:

Utilized Fisher information to quantify information loss in layered networks.
Developed an algorithm analogous to water filling to minimize information loss.
Analyzed the impact of connectivity and response variability on information transmission.

Main Results:

Information loss is dependent on the connectivity between network layers.
The optimal connectivity profile exhibits a center-surround structure.
Optimal connectivity is influenced by the correlation structure of neuronal response variability.

Conclusions:

Optimal communication in neural population codes necessitates center-surround architectures.
The findings explain observed nervous system architectures and offer testable predictions for connectivity parameters.