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Inside-out: comparing internally generated and externally generated basic emotions.

Christian E Salas1, Darinka Radovic, Oliver H Turnbull

  • 1Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Bangor University, Bangor, Wales. pspa35@bangor.ac.uk

Emotion (Washington, D.C.)
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PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Internal and external mood induction (MI) procedures effectively elicit specific emotions. Recalling personal events (internal MI) generally produced more intense emotions than external methods like film clips.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Affective Science

Background:

  • Mood induction (MI) procedures are crucial for emotion research in various populations.
  • External MI (e.g., films) and internal MI (e.g., recalling events) are common but rarely compared directly.
  • Previous research lacks direct comparison of internal versus external MI effectiveness across multiple discrete emotions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To directly compare the effectiveness of internal versus external mood induction procedures.
  • To investigate the differential elicitation of four basic emotions (fear, anger, joy, sadness) using both methods.
  • To analyze the intensity and emotional blend differences between internal and external MI.

Main Methods:

  • Forty undergraduate students participated in the experiment.
  • Participants underwent both external (film clips) and internal (personal event recall) mood induction procedures.
  • Emotions elicited were fear, anger, joy, and sadness, followed by self-report questionnaires.

Main Results:

  • Both internal and external MI procedures selectively elicited target emotions over nontarget emotions.
  • No significant differences in target emotion intensity were found, except for joy, which was higher with internal MI.
  • Overall emotional intensity was greater for the internal procedure across all stimuli.

Conclusions:

  • Both internal and external mood induction methods are effective for eliciting specific emotions.
  • Internal mood induction, particularly recalling personal events, may lead to more intense and mixed emotional experiences.
  • Recalling personal events might generate more negative and blended emotions, contributing to higher overall intensity in internal MI.