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Adjuvant Activity of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis in Enhancing the Immunogenicity of Autoantigens During Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
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Genetic susceptibility to paratuberculosis.

Brian W Kirkpatrick1, George E Shook

  • 1Department of Animal Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA. bwkirkpa@wisc.edu

The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Food Animal Practice
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PubMed
Summary

Host animal genetics influence susceptibility to Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) infection. Further meta-analysis is needed to identify specific genes for reliable MAP infection susceptibility markers.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary immunology
  • Animal genetics
  • Microbial pathogenesis

Background:

  • Host animal genetics are implicated in susceptibility to Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) infection.
  • Existing research shows variability in methods for defining MAP-infected animals and controls, hindering consensus.
  • Genetic analysis methodologies also differ across studies, complicating the identification of reliable susceptibility markers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and synthesize current understanding of host genetics in MAP infection susceptibility.
  • To highlight the need for standardized methodologies in genetic studies of MAP infection.
  • To emphasize the potential of meta-analysis for resolving inconsistencies in the field.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on host genetics and MAP infection.
  • Analysis of methodological variations in genetic studies of MAP susceptibility.
  • Discussion of the potential for meta-analysis to consolidate findings.

Main Results:

  • Multiple studies suggest a genetic component to MAP infection susceptibility in host animals.
  • Lack of consensus on specific genes or markers due to diverse study designs and analytical approaches.
  • Identification of methodological inconsistencies as a primary barrier to establishing clear genetic markers.

Conclusions:

  • Host genetics are a significant factor in MAP infection susceptibility.
  • Standardized methods for defining cases/controls and performing genetic analysis are crucial.
  • Future meta-analyses of combined and larger studies are essential to establish reliable genetic markers for MAP infection susceptibility.