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Published on: September 18, 2013

Typhlitis in acute childhood leukemia

Esma Altınel1, Nese Yarali, Pamir Isık

  • 1Department of Pediatric Hematology, Dr. Sami Ulus Children's Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.

Medical Principles and Practice : International Journal of the Kuwait University, Health Science Centre
|October 26, 2011
PubMed

Insights

Typhlitis occurred in 4.5% of children with acute leukemia, with a 20% mortality rate. Early medical intervention is crucial for improving outcomes in these pediatric oncology patients.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Oncology
  • Hematology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Typhlitis, also known as neutropenic enterocolitis, is a serious complication in pediatric patients undergoing chemotherapy for acute leukemia.
  • Understanding the incidence, clinical presentation, and outcomes of typhlitis is vital for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the experience with typhlitis in children treated for acute leukemia.
  • To analyze the demographics, symptoms, and outcomes of typhlitis in this patient population.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of medical records of children with acute leukemia and typhlitis from 2006 to 2009.
  • Data collected included demographics, symptoms, microbiological findings, and imaging results.

Main Results:

  • Ten episodes of typhlitis (4.5%) occurred in 75 children with acute leukemia during 221 periods of severe neutropenia.
  • Cumulative risk was 7.4% for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and 28.5% for acute myeloid leukemia (AML).
  • Common symptoms included abdominal pain, tenderness, and fever; mortality rate was 20%.

Conclusions:

  • Typhlitis is a significant concern in pediatric acute leukemia patients, with a notable mortality rate.
  • Prompt diagnosis and aggressive medical management are essential to reduce morbidity and mortality associated with typhlitis.
Abstract

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