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Related Experiment Videos

Cholelithiasis in inflammatory bowel disease. A case-control study.

D Lorusso1, S Leo, A Mossa

  • 1Department of Surgery, Scientific Institute for Digestive Diseases, S. De Bellis, Castellana, G. Bara, Italy.

Diseases of the Colon and Rectum
|September 1, 1990
PubMed
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This study reveals that both Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis patients have an increased risk of developing gallstones. The risk is particularly elevated in Crohn's disease involving the ileum and in total ulcerative colitis extending to the cecum.

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Hepatology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Cholelithiasis (gallstones) is a known extraintestinal manifestation of Crohn's ileitis.
  • Association between cholelithiasis and ulcerative colitis has not been previously established.
  • Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) encompasses Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential increased risk of cholelithiasis in patients diagnosed with ulcerative colitis.
  • To compare the prevalence of gallstones in patients with ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease against a general population control group.

Main Methods:

  • Biliary ultrasonography was conducted on 114 ulcerative colitis patients, 45 Crohn's disease patients, and 159 total inflammatory bowel disease patients.
  • A control group of 2453 residents underwent echographic survey for gallstones (Multicentrica Italiana Colelitiasi - MICOL study).

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  • Logistic regression analysis was used to calculate the odds ratio for gallstones, controlling for sex, age, and body mass index.

    • Main Results:

    • Gallstones were detected in 9.6% of ulcerative colitis patients and 13.3% of Crohn's disease patients, compared to 9.7% in the general population.
    • Patients with ulcerative colitis showed an increased risk of gallstones (odds ratio = 2.5, P = 0.01).
    • Patients with Crohn's disease demonstrated a significantly higher risk (odds ratio = 3.6, P = 0.02), especially with distal ileitis (odds ratio = 4.5, P = 0.009) and total ulcerative colitis (odds ratio = 3.3, P = 0.01).

    Conclusions:

    • The study confirms an increased risk of gallstones in Crohn's ileitis.
    • It also establishes a significant increased risk of cholelithiasis in patients with ulcerative colitis, particularly total colitis.
    • These findings highlight the importance of monitoring for gallstones in IBD patients.