Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Solid–Solid Solutions01:24

Solid–Solid Solutions

The temperature-composition phase diagram of two solids, A and B, which are immiscible in the solid phase but form miscible liquids, shows that when the temperature is low, these two exist as separate, pure solids (A and B). As the temperature increases, they transition into a single-phase liquid solution where A and B coexist. Moving from point a1 to a2 in the phase diagram, the composition changes such that solid B begins to separate from the solution, enriching the remaining liquid with A.
Sample Preparation for Analysis: Advanced Techniques01:08

Sample Preparation for Analysis: Advanced Techniques

Accurate analysis of complex samples often requires advanced preparation techniques to achieve reliable and reproducible results. Samples containing inorganic or organic materials can be challenging to dissolve or decompose effectively. Standard sample preparation methods include acid digestion, fusion, dry ashing, and wet digestion.
Acid digestion with strong acids is commonly used to dissolve inorganic materials that are insoluble (do not dissolve) in water. This method can be useful for...
Factors Affecting Dissolution: Particle Size and Effective Surface Area01:23

Factors Affecting Dissolution: Particle Size and Effective Surface Area

Dissolution kinetics, an essential aspect of oral drug delivery, is significantly influenced by the drug's particle size. According to the Noyes-Whitney dissolution model, the dissolution rate correlates directly with the drug's surface area. The larger the surface area, the higher the drug's solubility in water, leading to a faster drug dissolution rate. Reducing particle size increases the effective surface area, enhancing the dissolution process. Micronization and nanosizing are employed to...
Intermolecular Forces in Solutions02:28

Intermolecular Forces in Solutions

The formation of a solution is an example of a spontaneous process, a process that occurs under specified conditions without energy from some external source.
When the strengths of the intermolecular forces of attraction between solute and solvent species in a solution are no different than those present in the separated components, the solution is formed with no accompanying energy change. Such a solution is called an ideal solution. A mixture of ideal gases (or gases such as helium and argon,...
In Vitro Drug Dissolution: Alternative Methods01:17

In Vitro Drug Dissolution: Alternative Methods

Alternative drug dissolution methods include the rotating bottle, intrinsic dissolution test, peristalsis, and the Franz diffusion cell method. The rotating bottle method involves meticulously rotating tightly capped controlled-release beads in a temperature-controlled bath. Periodic decanting of samples allows for residue assay, followed by refilling with fresh medium and testing at various pH levels to emulate the gastrointestinal tract conditions.In contrast, the intrinsic dissolution test...
Liquid–Solid Solutions01:29

Liquid–Solid Solutions

The process of a solid dissolving in a liquid to form a solution is governed by the solubility limit, which is the maximum amount of the solid substance, or solute, that can be dissolved in a specific volume of the liquid or solvent. As the solute dissolves, it reaches a point where no more solute can be dissolved at a given temperature - this is known as the saturation point. However, if further solute is added and it manages to dissolve, the solution becomes supersaturated. Supersaturated...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Revisiting synthesis of pure chernobylite solid solutions for thermal stability investigations.

Dalton transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003)·2026
Same author

Genomic Islands in Wolbachia Prophages Drive Amplification and Diversification of Cytoplasmic Incompatibility Genes in Culex pipiens.

Genetics·2026
Same author

Remediation of sandy loam soil contaminated with copper by washing assisted with ultrasound.

Ultrasonics sonochemistry·2026
Same author

The Pu(IV)-Acetate Chemical Equilibria: Intrication between Hydrolysis and Complexation.

Inorganic chemistry·2026
Same author

Hydroxide Conversion Route for (U,Pu)O<sub>2±x</sub> Nuclear Fuel Production.

Inorganic chemistry·2026
Same author

Revue de l'infirmiere·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 28, 2026

Separation of Uranium and Thorium for 230Th-U Dating of Submarine Hydrothermal Sulfides
08:43

Separation of Uranium and Thorium for 230Th-U Dating of Submarine Hydrothermal Sulfides

Published on: May 20, 2019

Multiparametric dissolution of thorium-cerium dioxide solid solutions.

Laurent Claparede1, Nicolas Clavier, Nicolas Dacheux

  • 1ICSM, UMR 5257 CNRS/CEA/UM2/ENSCM, Site de Marcoule, Bât. 426, BP 17171, 30207 Bagnols/Cèze, France.

Inorganic Chemistry
|October 27, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The dissolution of Thorium-Cerium dioxide solid solutions is primarily driven by surface reactions, with proton activity and temperature being key factors. Preparation conditions significantly influence dissolution rates, impacting chemical durability.

More Related Videos

Activating Molecules, Ions, and Solid Particles with Acoustic Cavitation
14:22

Activating Molecules, Ions, and Solid Particles with Acoustic Cavitation

Published on: April 11, 2014

Synthesis of Non-uniformly Pr-doped SrTiO3 Ceramics and Their Thermoelectric Properties
11:07

Synthesis of Non-uniformly Pr-doped SrTiO3 Ceramics and Their Thermoelectric Properties

Published on: August 15, 2015

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 28, 2026

Separation of Uranium and Thorium for 230Th-U Dating of Submarine Hydrothermal Sulfides
08:43

Separation of Uranium and Thorium for 230Th-U Dating of Submarine Hydrothermal Sulfides

Published on: May 20, 2019

Activating Molecules, Ions, and Solid Particles with Acoustic Cavitation
14:22

Activating Molecules, Ions, and Solid Particles with Acoustic Cavitation

Published on: April 11, 2014

Synthesis of Non-uniformly Pr-doped SrTiO3 Ceramics and Their Thermoelectric Properties
11:07

Synthesis of Non-uniformly Pr-doped SrTiO3 Ceramics and Their Thermoelectric Properties

Published on: August 15, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nuclear Chemistry
  • Geochemistry

Background:

  • Thorium and cerium dioxide (Th(1-x)Ce(x)O(2)) are important materials in nuclear fuel cycles and catalysis.
  • Understanding their dissolution behavior is critical for waste management and environmental safety.
  • Previous studies on similar solid solutions (Th(1-x)U(x)O(2), Ce(1-x)Nd(x)O(2-x/2)) showed composition-dependent durability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the dissolution mechanisms of Th(1-x)Ce(x)O(2) solid solutions.
  • To determine the influence of various parameters on dissolution rates.
  • To compare the durability of Th(1-x)Ce(x)O(2) with other actinide/lanthanide solid solutions.

Main Methods:

  • Preparation of Th(1-x)Ce(x)O(2) solid solutions via thermal conversion of oxalate precursors.
  • Systematic variation of chemical composition, leachate acidity, leaching temperature, firing temperature, and crystallization state.
  • Measurement and analysis of normalized dissolution rates.

Main Results:

  • Dissolution is mainly governed by surface reactions at the solid/liquid interface, indicated by proton activity (n=0.50±0.01) and activation energy (E(A)=57±6 kJ/mol).
  • Unlike other studied solid solutions, chemical composition had minimal impact on the chemical durability of Th(1-x)Ce(x)O(2).
  • Dissolution rate was influenced by crystal defects (below 800 °C) and leachate acidity, but largely independent of crystallite size above 900 °C.

Conclusions:

  • The chemical durability of Th(1-x)Ce(x)O(2) is primarily controlled by surface reaction kinetics rather than composition.
  • Crystal defects, influenced by preparation conditions, play a significant role in modifying dissolution rates.
  • These findings are crucial for predicting the long-term behavior of Th(1-x)Ce(x)O(2) in various environments.