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Scanning Electron Microscopy

Scanning Electron Microscopy

A scanning electron microscope (SEM) is used to study the surface features of a sample by using an electron beam that scans the sample surface in a two-dimensional manner. Typically, areas between ~1 centimeter to 5 micrometers in width can be imaged. SEM can be used to image bacteria, viruses, tissues as well as larger samples like insects. Conventional SEM gives a magnification ranging from 20X to 30,000X and spatial resolution of 50 to 100 nanometers.
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Excitation-Scanning Hyperspectral Imaging Microscopy to Efficiently Discriminate Fluorescence Signals

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Scanning emitter lifetime imaging microscopy for spontaneous emission control.

Martin Frimmer¹, Yuntian Chen, A Femius Koenderink

¹Center for Nanophotonics, FOM Institute for Atomic and Molecular Physics, Science Park 104, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands. frimmer@amolf.nl

Physical Review Letters

|October 27, 2011

Summary

Researchers developed a new technique to map optical properties of nanophotonic structures. This method precisely positions a light-emitting probe to control fluorescence decay rates near nanostructures like metal wires.

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Area of Science:

Nanophotonics
Quantum Optics
Materials Science

Background:

Understanding light-matter interactions at the nanoscale is crucial for developing advanced photonic devices.
The local density of optical states (LDOS) dictates the behavior of light emitters in nanostructures.

Purpose of the Study:

To present a novel experimental technique for mapping and manipulating the LDOS of arbitrary planar nanophotonic structures.
To demonstrate the practical application of this technique in imaging and controlling light emission.

Main Methods:

Utilizing a scanning probe with an attached spontaneous emitter for precise, reversible nanopositioning.
Measuring the fluorescence lifetime of the emitter as a function of its position relative to nanophotonic structures.
Developing a method to deterministically couple the emitter to specific optical modes, such as plasmonic modes.

Main Results:

Successfully mapped the LDOS of nanophotonic structures.
Demonstrated reversible control over the fluorescence decay rate by a factor of 2.
Imaged the enhancement of LDOS around metal nanowires by coupling to guided plasmonic modes.

Conclusions:

The developed technique offers a powerful tool for characterizing and engineering nanophotonic environments.
This method enables precise control over light emission properties for applications in quantum information and sensing.
The ability to reversibly modify decay rates opens new avenues for designing active nanophotonic devices.