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Eddy Currents

Eddy Currents

Since eddy currents occur only in conductors, magnets can separate metals from other materials. For example, in a recycling center, trash is dumped in batches down a ramp, beneath which lies a powerful magnet. Conductors in the trash are slowed by eddy currents, while nonmetals in the trash move on, separating from the metals. This works for all metals, not just ferromagnetic ones.
Other major applications of eddy currents appear in metal detectors and the braking systems of trains and roller...

Magnetic Damping

Magnetic Damping

Eddy currents can produce significant drag on motion, called magnetic damping. For instance, when a metallic pendulum bob swings between the poles of a strong magnet, significant drag acts on the bob as it enters and leaves the field, quickly damping the motion.
If, however, the bob is a slotted metal plate, the magnet produces a much smaller effect. When a slotted metal plate enters the field, an emf is induced by the change in flux; however, it is less effective because the slots limit the...

Motional Emf

Motional Emf

Magnetic flux depends on three factors: the strength of the magnetic field, the area through which the field lines pass, and the field's orientation with respect to the surface area. If any of these quantities vary, a corresponding variation in magnetic flux occurs. If the area through which the magnetic field lines are passing changes, then the magnetic flux also changes. This change in the area can be of two types: the flux through the rectangular loop increases as it moves into the magnetic...

Magnetic Force Between Two Parallel Currents

Magnetic Force Between Two Parallel Currents

Two long, straight, and parallel current-carrying conductors exert a force of equal magnitude on one another. The direction of the force depends on the current direction in the conductors.
The force exerted by the magnetic field due to the first conductor over a finite length of the second conductor is given as the product of the current in the second conductor and the vector product of the length vector along the current element and the field due to the first conductor. According to the...

Force On A Current Loop In A Magnetic Field

Force On A Current Loop In A Magnetic Field

Magnetic forces on wires carrying current are most frequently applied in motors. A DC motor is a device that converts electrical energy into mechanical work. In motors, wire loops are enclosed in a magnetic field. When current flows through the loops, the magnetic field applies torque, which causes the shaft to rotate. The direction of the current is reversed once the loop's surface area is lined up with the magnetic field, causing a constant torque on the loop. During the process, commutators...

Torque On A Current Loop In A Magnetic Field

Torque On A Current Loop In A Magnetic Field

The most common application of magnetic force on current-carrying wires is in electric motors. These consist of loops of wire, which are placed between the magnets with a magnetic field. When current flows through the loops, the magnetic field applies torque, which causes the shaft to rotate, thus converting electrical energy to mechanical energy.
Consider a rectangular current-carrying loop containing N turns of wire, placed in a uniform magnetic field. The net force on a current-carrying loop...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 28, 2026

Optimizing Magnetic Force Microscopy Resolution and Sensitivity to Visualize Nanoscale Magnetic Domains

Optimizing Magnetic Force Microscopy Resolution and Sensitivity to Visualize Nanoscale Magnetic Domains

Published on: July 20, 2022

Dynamic control over mega-ampere electron currents in metals using ionization-driven resistive magnetic fields.

Y Sentoku¹, E d'Humières, L Romagnani

¹Physics Department, University of Nevada, Reno, 89557, USA.

Physical Review Letters

|October 27, 2011

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers can control intense electron beams in solids by adjusting laser-target interactions. This shaping of mega-ampere electron currents enables applications in particle sources and fusion energy.

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Magnetically-Assisted Remote Controlled Microcatheter Tip Deflection under Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Magnetically-Assisted Remote Controlled Microcatheter Tip Deflection under Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: April 4, 2013

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Last Updated: May 28, 2026

Optimizing Magnetic Force Microscopy Resolution and Sensitivity to Visualize Nanoscale Magnetic Domains

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Published on: July 20, 2022

Magnetically-Assisted Remote Controlled Microcatheter Tip Deflection under Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Magnetically-Assisted Remote Controlled Microcatheter Tip Deflection under Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: April 4, 2013

Area of Science:

Plasma physics
Laser-matter interaction
Condensed matter physics

Background:

Ultraintense laser pulses generate mega-ampere electron currents in solids.
Controlling these electron currents is crucial for advanced applications.

Purpose of the Study:

Investigate the dynamic shaping of mega-ampere electron currents.
Explore methods to control electron beam behavior in conductors.

Main Methods:

Tuning target ionization dynamics by varying target material properties.
Adjusting input electron beam characteristics.
Analyzing feedback effects of resistive magnetic fields on current transport.

Main Results:

Demonstrated control over electron beam dynamics (collimation, hollowing, filamentation).
Established a link between ionization dynamics and magnetic field growth.
Showcased the influence of target material and beam characteristics on current shaping.

Conclusions:

Dynamic shaping of intense electron currents in solids is achievable.
This control offers pathways for enhanced secondary particle/radiation sources.
Potential applications include fast ignition for inertial confinement fusion.