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Dental caries-associated risk factors and type 1 diabetes mellitus
Norma Sampaio1, Sandra Mello, Cresio Alves
1Federal University of Bahia, Bahia, Brazil.
Introduction:
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is associated with various oral complications. However there is no consensus regarding the association of T1DM and caries.
Aim Of The Study:
Critical revision of dental caries-associated risk factors and type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Materials And Methods:
Search of the MEDLINE and LILACS databases from 2000 to 2010, using, in different combination, the key words "dental caries", "diabetes mellitus" and "type 1 diabetes mellitus".
Results:
The association between T1DM and dental caries remains controversial. Although some studies demonstrate a higher prevalence of caries due to the increased concentration of salivary glucose, acidity of the oral cavity, salivary viscosity, reduced salivary flow rate, and salivary gland dysfunction; other studies report a reduction of caries levels, probably caused by decreased ucrose ingestion.
Conclusions:
Although patients with uncontrolled T1DM and poor oral hygiene may present increased prevalence of dental caries, the literature does not describe a consistent relationship between T1DM and dental caries. Further investigations are warranted. If a true association is substantiated, intervention studies to prevent or reduce the occurrence of caries in this population should follow.
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