Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 28, 2026
07:30
Design of Cecal Ligation and Puncture and Intranasal Infection Dual Model of Sepsis-Induced Immunosuppression
Published on: June 15, 2019
Immunomodulatory therapy for sepsis: an update
Eirini Christaki1, Panagiota Anyfanti, Steven M Opal
1Second Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Hippokration Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece. eirini.christaki@gmail.com
Expert Review of Anti-Infective Therapy
|October 28, 2011
Summary
Sepsis treatment focuses on antibiotics and organ support. Research explores new immunomodulatory therapies to restore immune balance and improve outcomes in sepsis patients.
Area of Science:
- Critical care medicine
- Immunology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Sepsis management relies on antibiotics, fluids, vasopressors, and organ support.
- Emerging research investigates novel therapeutic targets within the complex sepsis cascade.
- Existing treatments like activated protein C and hydrocortisone show potential mortality benefits.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current sepsis treatment strategies.
- To explore novel immunomodulatory molecules targeting sepsis pathways.
- To assess research on restoring immune homeostasis in sepsis.
Main Methods:
- Review of clinical trials and animal studies on sepsis treatment.
- Analysis of molecules targeting inflammatory cytokines, cellular receptors, and transcription factors.
- Investigation of agents affecting coagulation and apoptosis.
Main Results:
- Current sepsis treatment involves antibiotics, fluid resuscitation, and organ support.
- New molecules targeting various sepsis mediators are under investigation.
- Strategies to modulate immune responses, including antibiotics and statins, are being studied.
Conclusions:
- Sepsis treatment is evolving beyond traditional supportive care.
- Targeting specific pathways in the sepsis cascade offers new therapeutic avenues.
- Restoring immune homeostasis through immunomodulatory agents is a key research focus.
Related Concept Videos
01:28Pneumonia IV: Management
The treatment of pneumonia varies based on its severity and the causative pathogen. Here is a structured approach to managing pneumonia, integrating pharmaceutical and supportive care strategies.
Bacterial Pneumonia Treatment
For bacterial pneumonia, antibiotics serve as the cornerstone of therapy. Initial treatment often begins with empirical antibiotics, tailored to the anticipated causative organism and adjusted based on culture results. Key antibiotic choices include:
Bacterial Pneumonia Treatment
For bacterial pneumonia, antibiotics serve as the cornerstone of therapy. Initial treatment often begins with empirical antibiotics, tailored to the anticipated causative organism and adjusted based on culture results. Key antibiotic choices include:
01:25Acute Inflammation III: Local and Systemic Effects
Acute inflammation produces a coordinated set of local and systemic changes that limit injury, eliminate pathogens, and initiate repair. These responses arise within minutes of infection, trauma, or chemical insult and are driven by vascular alterations and leukocyte-derived mediators. When the stimulus resolves, the reaction typically abates within days.Local EffectsAt the site of injury, arteriolar vasodilation increases blood flow, resulting in redness and warmth. Simultaneously, increased...
01:14Myocarditis III: Medical Management
Myocarditis: Comprehensive Medical ManagementMyocarditis, the heart muscle inflammation, requires a comprehensive medical management strategy that addresses the underlying cause, provides supportive care, manages symptoms, and reduces cardiac workload.Infections and Autoimmune CausesAdminister appropriate antimicrobial therapy when an infectious agent causes myocarditis. For instance, penicillin treats infections caused by Group A Streptococcus. In cases where autoimmune processes are...
01:26Bacterial Meningitis II: Pathophysiology
Bacterial meningitis typically begins when pathogens such as Neisseria meningitidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae colonize the nasopharynx and invade the bloodstream. This process is facilitated by bacterial virulence factors, such as polysaccharide capsules, which resist phagocytosis and complement-mediated killing. Less commonly, bacteria reach the central nervous system via contiguous spread from infections like otitis media or sinusitis, through congenital or acquired dural defects, or...
01:18Endocarditis III: Medical Management
Infective endocarditis management involves a multifaceted approach encompassing infection prevention, lifestyle modifications, pharmacological therapy, and surgical management.Infection Prevention:Hand Hygiene: Thorough handwashing is crucial to prevent the spread of infection. Hand hygiene should be performed regularly, especially before and after using the restroom.Oral Hygiene: Good oral hygiene is essential. It includes brushing teeth immediately after waking up and before bed, flossing...
01:27Tumor Immunotherapy
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.